696

706201449

[{"id":"696","chapterid":"2920","timeTo":"113.99 ","timeFrom":"0 ","number":"1","chaptername":"Introduction ","description":"This chapter introduces the fundamental principles of polypectomy, emphasizing a structured approach to assessing and managing polyps during endoscopic procedures. The session is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of polypectomy concepts and techniques, facilitating deeper learning for endoscopists via interactive webinars and additional resources offered by the Geeks Foundation."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2921","timeTo":"488.99 ","timeFrom":"114 ","number":"2","chaptername":"The Need for A Polypectomy Course ","description":"The chapter discusses the concerning variability in polypectomy outcomes, highlighting issues like incomplete resections leading to recurrent polyps and high rates of benign surgeries. It emphasizes the importance of proper lesion assessment and the technical challenges faced during procedures, such as non-lifting polyps and unstable positions. The learning objective is to bridge knowledge gaps among endoscopists through comprehensive training, thereby improving surgical techniques and decision-making processes."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2922","timeTo":"611.99 ","timeFrom":"489 ","number":"3","chaptername":"What the Delegates want from this Course ","description":"The chapter focuses on polypectomy training for endoscopist trainees, highlighting essential aspects such as lesion characterization, decision-making processes, and polypectomy techniques. It discusses the use of hot and cold snares, polyp characterization, completeness of excision, and decision-making in detecting high-grade dysplasia and cancer. Emphasis is placed on understanding polypectomy theory, imaging, and evidence-based practices. This structured educational session aims to enhance skill in polypectomy execution and understanding."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2923","timeTo":"720.99 ","timeFrom":"612 ","number":"4","chaptername":"An Approach to Any Colorectal Polypectomy ","description":"This chapter outlines the foundational principles of polypectomy, emphasizing a structured approach to managing polyps. It highlights three critical steps: determining if a polyp is cancerous, identifying suitable endoscopic techniques, and executing the procedure effectively. The discussion aims to familiarize endoscopists with decision-making frameworks through practical examples. There is an emphasis on the often-overlooked importance of the first two steps, ensuring a comprehensive strategy for polyp management. The chapter encourages active participation in future sessions for deeper understanding."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2924","timeTo":"890.99 ","timeFrom":"721 ","number":"5","chaptername":"A Word on Colon intubation ","description":"The chapter emphasizes the foundational skills necessary for performing an effective polypectomy during colonoscopy. It highlights the importance of achieving optimal scope control and patient positioning to facilitate successful therapy. Mastery in these areas, alongside basic technique proficiency, is crucial for reaching the lesion and ensuring comfort and control throughout the procedure. The discussion underscores the need for thorough technique training and offers resources for further learning."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2925","timeTo":"1024.99 ","timeFrom":"891 ","number":"6","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer ","description":"In this chapter, characteristics indicative of potential malignancy in polyps are discussed. It focuses on identifying features such as extra redness and central depressions, which may denote abnormality suggesting a higher risk of cancer. These visual cues are critical for endoscopists to observe, as they can help in early detection and management of suspicious lesions. The loss of regular structure in polyps and demarcation are key points emphasized for accurate assessment."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2926","timeTo":"1304.99 ","timeFrom":"1025 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2927","timeTo":"1431.99 ","timeFrom":"1305 ","number":"8","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Caner: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"The chapter discusses the identification of abnormal areas during endoscopy, emphasizing digital enhancements such as MBI to analyze capillary patterns. Despite the absence of magnification, clinicians should closely evaluate irregular structures. The goal is to detect malignancy within polyps, influencing removal decisions. The speaker shares personal insights, stressing that the process is more straightforward than perceived, encouraging practitioners to overcome mental blocks."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2928","timeTo":"1920.99 ","timeFrom":"1432 ","number":"9","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"This chapter discusses the evaluation of lesions during endoscopic procedures, emphasizing the importance of recognizing demarcated areas and using advanced imaging techniques. It highlights the need for detailed optical examination over biopsies and stresses consulting experienced colleagues for complex cases. Ensures high-risk lesions are properly assessed to determine if surgery is needed."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2929","timeTo":"2308.99 ","timeFrom":"1921 ","number":"10","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"In this chapter, the benefits of using a transparent cap and the underwater technique are demonstrated to improve visualization during endoscopic procedures. Difficulties in identifying polyp demarcation zones are discussed, using advanced imaging techniques to differentiate between distinct types of irregularities. The chapter highlights the importance of recognizing varied structures within demarcation zones, correlating them with potential dysplasia or submucosal invasion, utilizing CHRO endoscopy and classification systems like JNet and kudo."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2930","timeTo":"2366.99 ","timeFrom":"2309 ","number":"11","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Regular Demarcated Area ","description":"In this chapter, the focus is on the importance of examining the demarcation zones of polyps during endoscopic procedures. Despite initial appearances suggesting possible invasive characteristics due to extra redness, detailed evaluation of the demarcation zone reveals it to be regular. The significance of interrogating these zones is emphasized, as polyps with consistent demarcation may only present low-grade dysplasia upon resection, highlighting the necessity for thorough assessment to prevent misdiagnosis."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2931","timeTo":"2473.99 ","timeFrom":"2367 ","number":"12","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Covert Cancer within a ","description":"In this chapter, it is discussed how to evaluate a polyp when no demarcation zone is present, focusing on parameters that predict cancer risk. The key factors considered include polyp size, location (particularly the rectum and rectosigmoid junction), morphology, and the Paris classification system. Challenges in understanding morphology and Paris classification are acknowledged. The use of the GEE scoring system is suggested for risk assessment without visible demarcation."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2932","timeTo":"2649.99 ","timeFrom":"2474 ","number":"13","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Low Risk Polyp for Canc ","description":"In this chapter, the characteristics and assessment of a seemingly large polyp are discussed. It is identified as non-granular due to its shiny surface and small pits, classified as Paris classification 0-IIa. Important points include distinguishing between granular and non-granular polyps and understanding the implications of the Paris classification. Despite the large size of the polyp, the risk of cancer is deemed low based on these assessments. This chapter emphasizes the importance of proper polyp characterization in deciding the management plan."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2933","timeTo":"2976.99 ","timeFrom":"2650 ","number":"14","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: High Risk Polyp for Cov ","description":"In this chapter, the challenges of assessing a traumatic granular lesion located at the rectosigmoid junction are demonstrated. The lesion's trauma hinders the use of digital enhancements and accurate assessment, emphasizing the importance of gentle handling. The chapter discusses potential indicators of covert invasive cancer due to lesion size, location, and morphology. The significance of biopsy strategy is highlighted, advocating for biopsies only in demarcated zones when cancer is suspected. Detailed scoring for evaluating cancer risk and specific procedural considerations are explored."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2934","timeTo":"3267.99 ","timeFrom":"2977 ","number":"15","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: High Risk Polyp for Cov ","description":"In this chapter, the identification and risk stratification of polyps, specifically concerning cancer suspicion, are discussed. Emphasis is placed on evaluating a polyp in the descending colon, focusing on characteristics such as size, surface granularity, and the Paris classification. A significant point is the importance of observing demarcation zones for cancer detection. The discussion elucidates how location and the patient's demographic details can impact decision-making in polyp management."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2935","timeTo":"3606.99 ","timeFrom":"3268 ","number":"16","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Summary Cartoons ","description":"This chapter discusses the classification of lesions using the Paris system, focusing on lateral spreading tumors and their associated cancer risks. The importance of lesion size and morphology in determining cancer risk is highlighted. Granular patterns are considered favorable compared to non-granular patterns. The classification of Type 1 (elevated) and Type 2 (flat) lesions, including the significance of depression in flat lesions, is explored. The significance of mixed nodular lesions, and the differences between LST granular and LST non-granular types, are also described."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2936","timeTo":"3651.99 ","timeFrom":"3607 ","number":"17","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist ","description":"In this chapter, the challenges associated with polyp management in endoscopy, particularly regarding incomplete resections and complications necessitating surgery, are highlighted. The discussion emphasizes the critical decision-making process for determining appropriate treatment protocols when no cancer is present. Insights are provided into ensuring complete removal to prevent surgical interventions, underscoring the significance of advanced planning and skillful execution."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2937","timeTo":"3812.99 ","timeFrom":"3652 ","number":"18","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"In this chapter, the assessment of polypectomy difficulty using the SMSA score is discussed. Factors such as polyp size, shape, and location, as well as access difficulty, contribute to the complexity of removal. The SMSA score correlates with the likelihood of successful removal, complications like bleeding, the need for surgery, and recurrence rates. Examples illustrate how higher SMSA scores increase procedure duration and risk among experts. A quick calculation tool available online facilitates the use of SMSA scores in evaluating and planning polypectomy procedures."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2938","timeTo":"3955.99 ","timeFrom":"3813 ","number":"19","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: Ap ","description":"In this chapter, challenges associated with resecting a large, flat polyp in the transverse colon are explored. The polyp's morphology and location on a colonic fold make the procedure complex, despite stable scope positioning and access. The SMSA score of four indicates a high level of difficulty, suggesting it should not be attempted without adequate experience. The discussion provides insights into considerations for polyp resection, including morphology, location, and SMSA assessment."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2939","timeTo":"4031.99 ","timeFrom":"3956 ","number":"20","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"This chapter discusses the assessment of SMSA scores, specifically a score of four, which indicates complexity due to features like location difficulty. The chapter emphasizes the SMSA Plus score to further evaluate polyp difficulty. A polyp may be designated as a 'plus' polyp if it exhibits features like being over 4 cm, located at challenging anatomical sites such as the ileocecal valve, appendiceal orifice, or rectal junction, or characterized as non-lifting and non-granular, which impose additional challenges during endoscopic procedures."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2940","timeTo":"4173.99 ","timeFrom":"4032 ","number":"21","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"The chapter discusses the evaluation of a polyp in the right colon, focusing on the site, size, morphology, and access. It particularly emphasizes the challenges posed by a non-granular SMSA plus polyp on a fold, necessitating careful consideration for removal. The discussion highlights the importance of expertise and referral in handling complex polyps, which may not have stable positioning during assessment due to their morphology."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2941","timeTo":"4277.99 ","timeFrom":"4174 ","number":"22","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"In this chapter, the difficulty of resecting a polyp located near or on the appendiceal orifice is discussed. Although the polyp presents no significant invasion risk and appears homogenous, its position presents a challenge for endoscopists. Other factors influencing the resection decision include the absence of large folds and the polyp's manageable size. These insights are crucial for improving resection strategies and decision-making processes in complex anatomical locations."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2942","timeTo":"4317.99 ","timeFrom":"4278 ","number":"23","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the discussion revolves around selecting the appropriate endoscopic technique for polypectomy once malignancy has been ruled out. It explores the considerations and decision-making process regarding the use of a snare, the choice between en bloc or piecemeal resections, and the decision to employ hot or cold techniques. The chapter aims to guide endoscopists in making informed procedural choices that optimize outcomes during polyp removal."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2943","timeTo":"4367.99 ","timeFrom":"4318 ","number":"24","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: <10mm ","description":"Chapter focuses on the decision-making process for selecting cold polypectomy for polyps less than 10mm. It emphasizes bypassing complex algorithms due to the minimal cancer risk associated with such lesions. However, practitioners are advised to remain vigilant as exceptions, albeit rare, could occur. The chapter advocates critical thinking in all scenarios, ensuring that even with simple algorithms, professional judgement is maintained."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2944","timeTo":"4474.99 ","timeFrom":"4368 ","number":"25","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Sessile Serrated Les ","description":"This chapter discusses the differentiation of hyperplastic lesions from SAS ulcerated lesions using the WASP classification. Key indicators include wide pits due to mucus secretion, mucus caps, and indistinct borders that complicate polyp visualization. Hyperplastic lesions typically appear pale with distinct borders, while ulcerated ones lack these clear demarcations. Effective diagnosis involves using advanced imaging techniques to identify these characteristics, assisting endoscopists in applying the correct treatment strategies."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2945","timeTo":"4807.99 ","timeFrom":"4475 ","number":"26","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Sessile Serra ","description":"Chapter discusses the management of dysplastic lesions within sessile serrated adenomas and polyps, focusing on their potential to transition into colorectal cancer. Emphasized is the importance of complete resection and clear margin demarcation. Injection techniques are recommended to ensure thorough identification of lesion borders. Hot snare polypectomy is advised over cold techniques for dysplastic lesions to reduce incomplete resection rates. The role of imaging advancements in lesion identification and interdisciplinary communication with pathologists are highlighted."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2946","timeTo":"4866.99 ","timeFrom":"4808 ","number":"27","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: SSL technique Summar ","description":"Chapter discusses the concerns surrounding the use of piecemeal cold snare polypectomy, particularly emphasizing the importance of lesion characterization. It highlights the necessity of identifying dysplastic ulcerated lesions before selecting a technique to avoid inappropriate application. The focus is on proper lesion assessment, submucosal lifting, and resection with hot snare for lesions with dysplasia. Recommendations for further education and visual resources are suggested to enhance identification skills."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2947","timeTo":"4974.99 ","timeFrom":"4867 ","number":"28","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Hot or Cold? ","description":"This chapter discusses the predominance of cold snare polypectomy for colorectal polyps, highlighting that hot snares are reserved for only larger or serrated polyps with dysplasia. It emphasizes evaluating the risk of cancer and assessing one's capability through the SMSA score. The discussion involves the classification of polyps by size and the appropriate choice between hot and cold techniques, elucidating their application in clinical practice."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2948","timeTo":"5111.99 ","timeFrom":"4975 ","number":"29","chaptername":"Focus 1-3: Summary ","description":"The chapter elaborates on the decision-making process in polyp resection, emphasizing factors like lesion type, access difficulty, and time management. It highlights the importance of comprehensive planning, from adequate imaging to anticipating complications and potential adjuvant therapies. Insight is given into SMSA scoring impacts and challenges associated with non-granular lesions. The necessity of appropriate equipment and a skilled team is underscored to mitigate procedural risks and improve outcomes."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2949","timeTo":"5158.99 ","timeFrom":"5112 ","number":"30","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I perform? ","description":"In this chapter, the focus is on a comprehensive approach to performing an endoscopic lumpectomy, specifically employing a Senn-based technique. The chapter emphasizes the decision-making process behind technique selection, underscoring that the chosen approach is safe for non-cancerous lesions. The discussion extends to the integration of such techniques into educational resources, highlighting the creation of valuable learning tools for both physical and digital mediums. The chapter supports skill advancement for endoscopists by detailing procedure nuances and affirming the adaptability of selected techniques."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2950","timeTo":"5363.99 ","timeFrom":"5159 ","number":"31","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Intro to GPAT ","description":"Chapter introduces the Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPA) developed by a consensus among global experts. It discusses key factors involved in polypectomy, including injection technique, snare placement, and defect inspection. The chapter emphasizes the standardization of polypectomy evaluation through GPA and the importance of appropriate technique and snare selection. It also highlights the challenges in assessing polypectomy difficulty and quality, encouraging practitioners to assess and communicate their performance using a structured approach."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2951","timeTo":"5413.99","timeFrom":"5364","number":"32","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? GPAT and the 4 P's","description":"In this chapter, the framework of the 4 Ps\u2014Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity\u2014is discussed in the context of snare placement during endoscopic procedures. Special emphasis is placed on how applying each of these principles can enhance the effectiveness of the procedure, particularly during the visualization and closure of the snare. This structured approach aids in improving both the accuracy and safety of the polypectomy process."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2952","timeTo":"5575.99 ","timeFrom":"5414 ","number":"33","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? Polyp Assessment ","description":"This chapter discusses the assessment and resection of a flat lesion located at the appendiceal orifice in the right colon. The lesion is characterized as low-risk, using the Paris classification 2a and granular morphology. The chapter emphasizes the importance of appropriate technique selection, such as EMR, and the benefits of using underwater methods and endoscopic caps for enhanced visualization. It concludes with a recommendation against attempting such procedures in non-professional settings."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2953","timeTo":"5772.99 ","timeFrom":"5576 ","number":"34","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform?: Injection Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the method of dynamic injection during endoscopy is explored, highlighting its significance in achieving optimal lifting of polyps. Techniques such as using the needle to manipulate fluid flow and enhancing snare placement are demonstrated. These aspects facilitate enhanced polyp access and ensure the injectate adequately supports the target area. The discussion emphasizes the importance of fluid management and scope maneuvering for effective injection and polyp preparation."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2954","timeTo":"6044.99 ","timeFrom":"5773 ","number":"35","chaptername":"Focus 4: Snare Placement Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the strategic approach to snare placement in endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is discussed. Emphasis is placed on ensuring the snare is securely fixed by maintaining close proximity to the scope. The importance of capturing a generous cuff of normal mucosa is highlighted to facilitate clear plane definition. Techniques to visualize the 'V' in snare closure and tips for obtaining adequate tissue capture are demonstrated, providing a comprehensive understanding of enhancing resection outcomes."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2955","timeTo":"6117.99 ","timeFrom":"6045 ","number":"36","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? Injection 2 ","description":"In this chapter, the alignment and positioning of a braided snare catheter using the pivot technique for endoscopic procedures are discussed. By aligning the snare in the same plane as the muscle layer, the potential muscle damage is minimized. Importance is placed on perpendicularity to the muscle and using the snare's stiffness to fold it over lesions effectively. This approach enhances procedural safety and efficacy by reducing muscular injury risk."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2956","timeTo":"6302.99 ","timeFrom":"6118 ","number":"37","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Snare Placement 2 ","description":"In this chapter, the intricacies of snare placement for effective polyp resection are discussed. Emphasis is placed on laying the snare into the defect to prevent tissue islands, utilizing the endoscope's torque, and employing suction to enhance tissue capture within the snare. The importance of precise snare positioning to avoid superficial mucosal shaving is highlighted, along with the strategic use of suction for optimal tissue engagement."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2957","timeTo":"6350.99 ","timeFrom":"6303 ","number":"38","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Safety Checks Prior t ","description":"The chapter discusses techniques for snare closure, highlighting differences in approaches such as marking the snare or manually closing it, with emphasis on minimizing tissue compression. Key considerations include mobility assessment prior to resection and defect assessment techniques post-resection."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2958","timeTo":"6435.99 ","timeFrom":"6351 ","number":"39","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Audience Question ","description":"The chapter discusses strategies for handling polypectomy procedures when they become challenging and beyond the practitioner's current capability. It emphasizes the importance of pre-assessment to avoid taking on resections that cannot be completed. Utilizing the SMSA score for risk assessment and seeking assistance from an experienced colleague during the procedure if difficulties arise are recommended. If alone, prioritizing safety and considering a two-stage EMR approach, with the option of deferring to a secondary attempt after six weeks, is advised to avoid complications such as perforation."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2959","timeTo":"6749.99","timeFrom":"6436","number":"40","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Cartoon 4 P's and Sum","description":"The chapter discusses the importance of the four Ps: Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity, in achieving successful polypectomy. Detailed insights into proper snare positioning and its alignment with the muscle layer are demonstrated to ensure efficient resection and reduce incomplete cuts. The significance of spatial orientation in relation to the polyp location and maintaining continuity in resection defects is emphasized. Techniques to improve visualization and apply appropriate pressure during polypectomy are also highlighted."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2960","timeTo":"6983.99 ","timeFrom":"6750 ","number":"41","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Defect Assessment ","description":"In this chapter, meticulous snare placement and defect assessment post-resection are demonstrated. A systematic evaluation of the defect, specifically checking for residual polyps and assessing the submucosa for bleeding, is emphasized. It is advised not to coagulate non-bleeding, herniating vessels to avoid the risk of delayed bleeding due to thermal damage. The conversation highlights the potential for significant bleeding from deeper submucosal vessels, which often occurs after a successful resection when initial assessment shows no issues."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2961","timeTo":"7302.99 ","timeFrom":"6984 ","number":"42","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Margin Ablation ","description":"This chapter discusses the application of thermal ablation at the margin during an endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), focusing on improving tip control through soft tip coagulation. Various techniques such as the dab-dab approach are elucidated, emphasizing their role in reducing recurrence rates of adenomas. The effectiveness of these techniques is highlighted in both piecemeal and en bloc resections. Discussion also includes the size considerations for applying this method."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2962","timeTo":"7425.99 ","timeFrom":"7303 ","number":"43","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : GPAT assessment of th ","description":"In this chapter, advanced techniques for endoscopic polypectomy are demonstrated, including the use of hot snare polypectomy. Key discussions focus on improving polyp access through shape and size adaptation of snares, dynamic injection techniques for optimal submucosal plane establishment, and ensuring safety checks prior to resection. Additionally, the importance of careful defect inspection and post-resection thermal ablation is outlined. The chapter also introduces scoring systems, such as GPA, for evaluating procedural difficulty and clinical outcomes."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2963","timeTo":"7551.99 ","timeFrom":"7426 ","number":"44","chaptername":"Usefulness of GPAT as a Competency Framework ","description":"The chapter discusses the importance of the GPA (Global Polypectomy Assessment) as a competency framework for endoscopists. It is emphasized as both a formative and summative assessment tool that aids in the enhancement of polypectomy techniques. By using the GPA for self-assessment, practitioners can identify areas for improvement and ensure competence in performing procedures. The framework's superiority over its predecessor, the DOAs, is highlighted, alongside its potential to elevate both individual and collective proficiency in polypectomy."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2964","timeTo":"7831.99 ","timeFrom":"7552 ","number":"45","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : 2 Audience Questions ","description":"The chapter discusses the practicality and safety of injecting through polyps during piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), emphasizing that if the area is confirmed benign, it is both safe and potentially beneficial. Furthermore, the conversation elaborates on the use of the same snare for ablation, as it provides effective diathermy application. Cleaning the snare to remove carbonized tissue is critical to maintain its functionality. Additionally, the importance of assessing submucosal planes and the necessity of addressing only certain defects is highlighted."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2965","timeTo":"7878.99 ","timeFrom":"7832 ","number":"46","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy ","description":"This chapter addresses techniques for analyzing scars during surveillance procedures in endoscopy. Key aspects include identifying scars by looking for pale areas where large vessels are absent and recognizing distinct pit patterns with larger and more open pits compared to the surrounding mucosa. As time progresses, such scars may become less visible, which can complicate analysis. This insight is crucial for endoscopists monitoring post-procedural conditions."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2966","timeTo":"8008.99 ","timeFrom":"7879 ","number":"47","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy : Detectin ","description":"The chapter discusses methods for identifying recurrence in scars following endoscopic procedures. It emphasizes the importance of thorough inspection using both white light and Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) to detect subtle pit pattern changes and nodular formations. The chapter provides examples where multifocal recurrence is present within scars and highlights the methodical approach required to diagnose and potentially cure affected patients. It stresses the need for careful inspection around the scar's edges and center to improve detection accuracy, thereby reducing recurrence rates."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2967","timeTo":"8141.99 ","timeFrom":"8009 ","number":"48","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy: What is N ","description":"In this chapter, the differentiation between clip artifact and polyp recurrence in endoscopic treatments is explored. The formation of granulation tissue around clips, distinguished by regular pit patterns and lack of adenomatous tissue, is contrasted with actual recurrence, which displays irregular, elongated pits. Importance is placed on careful inspection when assessing recurrence beneath clips. Understanding these differences is crucial for effective post-polypectomy defect management."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2968","timeTo":"8267.99 ","timeFrom":"8142 ","number":"49","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance after Polypectomy : Accuracy ","description":"Chapter discusses the effectiveness of endoscopic assessment in determining the absence of polyp recurrence, highlighting its high negative predictive value. It emphasizes the importance of experience in evaluating scars, suggesting that expert endoscopists can reliably predict the absence of recurrence. The discussion notes that multifocal recurrences necessitate thorough biopsy practices, while also acknowledging typical inaccuracies when misinterpreting potential recurrences. The focus remains on the assessment's reliability over biopsy strategies, with treatment methodologies being beyond this chapter's scope."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2969","timeTo":"8580.99 ","timeFrom":"8268 ","number":"50","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy: Biopsy a ","description":"This chapter discusses strategies for managing the recurrence of polyps in endoscopic procedures. It emphasizes the importance of identifying and treating recurrences early, ideally within six months post-procedure, at expert centers. Competency in assessing scars and differentiating them from recurrent lesions or clip artifacts is highlighted. The chapter also suggests the use of biopsy or ablation techniques based on the likelihood of recurrence and stress on the need for specialized training in recognizing and treating these lesions."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2970","timeTo":"8623.99 ","timeFrom":"8581 ","number":"51","chaptername":"Technique Specifics - Snare Sizes and Types ","description":"In this chapter, key considerations for snare types and sizes are discussed, along with diathermy settings and the differences between hot and cold techniques. Insights are provided into preferred brands and the practical use of snares in endoscopic procedures. This information is intended to guide endoscopists in choosing appropriate tools and techniques to enhance procedural efficiency and outcomes."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2971","timeTo":"8665.99 ","timeFrom":"8624 ","number":"52","chaptername":"Technique Specifics - Diathermy Settings ","description":"The Chapter discusses the appropriate diathermy settings for endoscopic procedures, emphasizing the distinction between the yellow and blue pedal operations. It highlights the combined functionalities of coagulation and cutting in modern generators and cautions against the use of forced coagulation with the tip of a snare for margin ablation, which may lead to colon perforation. Soft coagulation is advocated as the safest method for margin ablation."},{"id":"696","chapterid":"2972","timeTo":"8898.073 ","timeFrom":"8666 ","number":"53","chaptername":"Summary and Wrap Up ","description":"This chapter addresses the critical aspects of polypectomy decision-making and techniques for endoscopists. Emphasis is placed on assessing the malignant potential of polyps and selecting the appropriate intervention. Techniques vary based on polyp size, necessitating strategic planning. The discussion also highlights the importance of scoring systems like the cancer score and GPA for enhancing competence in polypectomy. Social media is suggested as a valuable tool for spreading best practices. Collaborative efforts among team members from different disciplines are acknowledged as pivotal in advancing the field."}]

[{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2920","timeFrom":"0 ","timeTo":"113.99 ","number":"1","chaptername":"Introduction ","description":"This chapter introduces the fundamental principles of polypectomy, emphasizing a structured approach to assessing and managing polyps during endoscopic procedures. The session is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of polypectomy concepts and techniques, facilitating deeper learning for endoscopists via interactive webinars and additional resources offered by the Geeks Foundation.","tagid":"855","tagName":"Webinar"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2921","timeFrom":"114 ","timeTo":"488.99 ","number":"2","chaptername":"The Need for A Polypectomy Course ","description":"The chapter discusses the concerning variability in polypectomy outcomes, highlighting issues like incomplete resections leading to recurrent polyps and high rates of benign surgeries. It emphasizes the importance of proper lesion assessment and the technical challenges faced during procedures, such as non-lifting polyps and unstable positions. The learning objective is to bridge knowledge gaps among endoscopists through comprehensive training, thereby improving surgical techniques and decision-making processes.","tagid":"344","tagName":"Recurrent polyp"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2921","timeFrom":"114 ","timeTo":"488.99 ","number":"2","chaptername":"The Need for A Polypectomy Course ","description":"The chapter discusses the concerning variability in polypectomy outcomes, highlighting issues like incomplete resections leading to recurrent polyps and high rates of benign surgeries. It emphasizes the importance of proper lesion assessment and the technical challenges faced during procedures, such as non-lifting polyps and unstable positions. The learning objective is to bridge knowledge gaps among endoscopists through comprehensive training, thereby improving surgical techniques and decision-making processes.","tagid":"824","tagName":"Reasons for failure"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2922","timeFrom":"489 ","timeTo":"611.99 ","number":"3","chaptername":"What the Delegates want from this Course ","description":"The chapter focuses on polypectomy training for endoscopist trainees, highlighting essential aspects such as lesion characterization, decision-making processes, and polypectomy techniques. It discusses the use of hot and cold snares, polyp characterization, completeness of excision, and decision-making in detecting high-grade dysplasia and cancer. Emphasis is placed on understanding polypectomy theory, imaging, and evidence-based practices. This structured educational session aims to enhance skill in polypectomy execution and understanding.","tagid":"902","tagName":"Difficult Colon Intubation"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2923","timeFrom":"612 ","timeTo":"720.99 ","number":"4","chaptername":"An Approach to Any Colorectal Polypectomy ","description":"This chapter outlines the foundational principles of polypectomy, emphasizing a structured approach to managing polyps. It highlights three critical steps: determining if a polyp is cancerous, identifying suitable endoscopic techniques, and executing the procedure effectively. The discussion aims to familiarize endoscopists with decision-making frameworks through practical examples. There is an emphasis on the often-overlooked importance of the first two steps, ensuring a comprehensive strategy for polyp management. The chapter encourages active participation in future sessions for deeper understanding.","tagid":"821","tagName":"Proactive Approach"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2923","timeFrom":"612 ","timeTo":"720.99 ","number":"4","chaptername":"An Approach to Any Colorectal Polypectomy ","description":"This chapter outlines the foundational principles of polypectomy, emphasizing a structured approach to managing polyps. It highlights three critical steps: determining if a polyp is cancerous, identifying suitable endoscopic techniques, and executing the procedure effectively. The discussion aims to familiarize endoscopists with decision-making frameworks through practical examples. There is an emphasis on the often-overlooked importance of the first two steps, ensuring a comprehensive strategy for polyp management. The chapter encourages active participation in future sessions for deeper understanding.","tagid":"247","tagName":"Assessment"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2924","timeFrom":"721 ","timeTo":"890.99 ","number":"5","chaptername":"A Word on Colon intubation ","description":"The chapter emphasizes the foundational skills necessary for performing an effective polypectomy during colonoscopy. It highlights the importance of achieving optimal scope control and patient positioning to facilitate successful therapy. Mastery in these areas, alongside basic technique proficiency, is crucial for reaching the lesion and ensuring comfort and control throughout the procedure. The discussion underscores the need for thorough technique training and offers resources for further learning.","tagid":"902","tagName":"Difficult Colon Intubation"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2925","timeFrom":"891 ","timeTo":"1024.99 ","number":"6","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer ","description":"In this chapter, characteristics indicative of potential malignancy in polyps are discussed. It focuses on identifying features such as extra redness and central depressions, which may denote abnormality suggesting a higher risk of cancer. These visual cues are critical for endoscopists to observe, as they can help in early detection and management of suspicious lesions. The loss of regular structure in polyps and demarcation are key points emphasized for accurate assessment.","tagid":"304","tagName":"Demarcated area"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2925","timeFrom":"891 ","timeTo":"1024.99 ","number":"6","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer ","description":"In this chapter, characteristics indicative of potential malignancy in polyps are discussed. It focuses on identifying features such as extra redness and central depressions, which may denote abnormality suggesting a higher risk of cancer. These visual cues are critical for endoscopists to observe, as they can help in early detection and management of suspicious lesions. The loss of regular structure in polyps and demarcation are key points emphasized for accurate assessment.","tagid":"449","tagName":"[high risk] Demarcated area of disordered pit\/vascular pattern"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"304","tagName":"Demarcated area"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"306","tagName":"Virtual chromoendoscopy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"301","tagName":"NICE classification"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"302","tagName":"Kudo Classification"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"750","tagName":"JNET 1"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"751","tagName":"JNET 2A"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"752","tagName":"JNET 2B"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"753","tagName":"JNET 3"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"451","tagName":"[high risk] Depression with disordered pit\/vascular pattern"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2926","timeFrom":"1025 ","timeTo":"1304.99 ","number":"7","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: further explanation of ","description":"This chapter discusses the transition from the Kudo and NICE classification systems to the JNet system for assessing polyps in endoscopy. It highlights the simplification achieved with JNet, particularly the subdivision of NICE type 2 into JNet types 2A and 2B, which pertains to the regularity of structures in the demarcation zone. The importance of assessing these classifications is emphasized for predicting histology and determining the appropriate treatment strategy for polyps.","tagid":"449","tagName":"[high risk] Demarcated area of disordered pit\/vascular pattern"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2927","timeFrom":"1305 ","timeTo":"1431.99 ","number":"8","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Caner: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"The chapter discusses the identification of abnormal areas during endoscopy, emphasizing digital enhancements such as MBI to analyze capillary patterns. Despite the absence of magnification, clinicians should closely evaluate irregular structures. The goal is to detect malignancy within polyps, influencing removal decisions. The speaker shares personal insights, stressing that the process is more straightforward than perceived, encouraging practitioners to overcome mental blocks.","tagid":"304","tagName":"Demarcated area"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2928","timeFrom":"1432 ","timeTo":"1920.99 ","number":"9","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"This chapter discusses the evaluation of lesions during endoscopic procedures, emphasizing the importance of recognizing demarcated areas and using advanced imaging techniques. It highlights the need for detailed optical examination over biopsies and stresses consulting experienced colleagues for complex cases. Ensures high-risk lesions are properly assessed to determine if surgery is needed.","tagid":"304","tagName":"Demarcated area"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2928","timeFrom":"1432 ","timeTo":"1920.99 ","number":"9","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"This chapter discusses the evaluation of lesions during endoscopic procedures, emphasizing the importance of recognizing demarcated areas and using advanced imaging techniques. It highlights the need for detailed optical examination over biopsies and stresses consulting experienced colleagues for complex cases. Ensures high-risk lesions are properly assessed to determine if surgery is needed.","tagid":"327","tagName":"Paris 0-IIa+c"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2929","timeFrom":"1921 ","timeTo":"2308.99 ","number":"10","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"In this chapter, the benefits of using a transparent cap and the underwater technique are demonstrated to improve visualization during endoscopic procedures. Difficulties in identifying polyp demarcation zones are discussed, using advanced imaging techniques to differentiate between distinct types of irregularities. The chapter highlights the importance of recognizing varied structures within demarcation zones, correlating them with potential dysplasia or submucosal invasion, utilizing CHRO endoscopy and classification systems like JNet and kudo.","tagid":"304","tagName":"Demarcated area"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2929","timeFrom":"1921 ","timeTo":"2308.99 ","number":"10","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"In this chapter, the benefits of using a transparent cap and the underwater technique are demonstrated to improve visualization during endoscopic procedures. Difficulties in identifying polyp demarcation zones are discussed, using advanced imaging techniques to differentiate between distinct types of irregularities. The chapter highlights the importance of recognizing varied structures within demarcation zones, correlating them with potential dysplasia or submucosal invasion, utilizing CHRO endoscopy and classification systems like JNet and kudo.","tagid":"449","tagName":"[high risk] Demarcated area of disordered pit\/vascular pattern"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2929","timeFrom":"1921 ","timeTo":"2308.99 ","number":"10","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"In this chapter, the benefits of using a transparent cap and the underwater technique are demonstrated to improve visualization during endoscopic procedures. Difficulties in identifying polyp demarcation zones are discussed, using advanced imaging techniques to differentiate between distinct types of irregularities. The chapter highlights the importance of recognizing varied structures within demarcation zones, correlating them with potential dysplasia or submucosal invasion, utilizing CHRO endoscopy and classification systems like JNet and kudo.","tagid":"752","tagName":"JNET 2B"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2929","timeFrom":"1921 ","timeTo":"2308.99 ","number":"10","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Demarcated Area Example ","description":"In this chapter, the benefits of using a transparent cap and the underwater technique are demonstrated to improve visualization during endoscopic procedures. Difficulties in identifying polyp demarcation zones are discussed, using advanced imaging techniques to differentiate between distinct types of irregularities. The chapter highlights the importance of recognizing varied structures within demarcation zones, correlating them with potential dysplasia or submucosal invasion, utilizing CHRO endoscopy and classification systems like JNet and kudo.","tagid":"753","tagName":"JNET 3"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2930","timeFrom":"2309 ","timeTo":"2366.99 ","number":"11","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Regular Demarcated Area ","description":"In this chapter, the focus is on the importance of examining the demarcation zones of polyps during endoscopic procedures. Despite initial appearances suggesting possible invasive characteristics due to extra redness, detailed evaluation of the demarcation zone reveals it to be regular. The significance of interrogating these zones is emphasized, as polyps with consistent demarcation may only present low-grade dysplasia upon resection, highlighting the necessity for thorough assessment to prevent misdiagnosis.","tagid":"304","tagName":"Demarcated area"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2930","timeFrom":"2309 ","timeTo":"2366.99 ","number":"11","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Regular Demarcated Area ","description":"In this chapter, the focus is on the importance of examining the demarcation zones of polyps during endoscopic procedures. Despite initial appearances suggesting possible invasive characteristics due to extra redness, detailed evaluation of the demarcation zone reveals it to be regular. The significance of interrogating these zones is emphasized, as polyps with consistent demarcation may only present low-grade dysplasia upon resection, highlighting the necessity for thorough assessment to prevent misdiagnosis.","tagid":"751","tagName":"JNET 2A"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2931","timeFrom":"2367 ","timeTo":"2473.99 ","number":"12","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Covert Cancer within a ","description":"In this chapter, it is discussed how to evaluate a polyp when no demarcation zone is present, focusing on parameters that predict cancer risk. The key factors considered include polyp size, location (particularly the rectum and rectosigmoid junction), morphology, and the Paris classification system. Challenges in understanding morphology and Paris classification are acknowledged. The use of the GEE scoring system is suggested for risk assessment without visible demarcation.","tagid":"805","tagName":"Risk of Submucosal Invasion"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2931","timeFrom":"2367 ","timeTo":"2473.99 ","number":"12","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Covert Cancer within a ","description":"In this chapter, it is discussed how to evaluate a polyp when no demarcation zone is present, focusing on parameters that predict cancer risk. The key factors considered include polyp size, location (particularly the rectum and rectosigmoid junction), morphology, and the Paris classification system. Challenges in understanding morphology and Paris classification are acknowledged. The use of the GEE scoring system is suggested for risk assessment without visible demarcation.","tagid":"471","tagName":"[high risk] presence of nodules"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2931","timeFrom":"2367 ","timeTo":"2473.99 ","number":"12","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Covert Cancer within a ","description":"In this chapter, it is discussed how to evaluate a polyp when no demarcation zone is present, focusing on parameters that predict cancer risk. The key factors considered include polyp size, location (particularly the rectum and rectosigmoid junction), morphology, and the Paris classification system. Challenges in understanding morphology and Paris classification are acknowledged. The use of the GEE scoring system is suggested for risk assessment without visible demarcation.","tagid":"448","tagName":"[high risk] Left colon location, large nodule(s)"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2932","timeFrom":"2474 ","timeTo":"2649.99 ","number":"13","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Low Risk Polyp for Canc ","description":"In this chapter, the characteristics and assessment of a seemingly large polyp are discussed. It is identified as non-granular due to its shiny surface and small pits, classified as Paris classification 0-IIa. Important points include distinguishing between granular and non-granular polyps and understanding the implications of the Paris classification. Despite the large size of the polyp, the risk of cancer is deemed low based on these assessments. This chapter emphasizes the importance of proper polyp characterization in deciding the management plan.","tagid":"300","tagName":"Granularity"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2932","timeFrom":"2474 ","timeTo":"2649.99 ","number":"13","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Low Risk Polyp for Canc ","description":"In this chapter, the characteristics and assessment of a seemingly large polyp are discussed. It is identified as non-granular due to its shiny surface and small pits, classified as Paris classification 0-IIa. Important points include distinguishing between granular and non-granular polyps and understanding the implications of the Paris classification. Despite the large size of the polyp, the risk of cancer is deemed low based on these assessments. This chapter emphasizes the importance of proper polyp characterization in deciding the management plan.","tagid":"309","tagName":"Non-granular"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2932","timeFrom":"2474 ","timeTo":"2649.99 ","number":"13","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Low Risk Polyp for Canc ","description":"In this chapter, the characteristics and assessment of a seemingly large polyp are discussed. It is identified as non-granular due to its shiny surface and small pits, classified as Paris classification 0-IIa. Important points include distinguishing between granular and non-granular polyps and understanding the implications of the Paris classification. Despite the large size of the polyp, the risk of cancer is deemed low based on these assessments. This chapter emphasizes the importance of proper polyp characterization in deciding the management plan.","tagid":"323","tagName":"Paris 0-IIa"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2933","timeFrom":"2650 ","timeTo":"2976.99 ","number":"14","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: High Risk Polyp for Cov ","description":"In this chapter, the challenges of assessing a traumatic granular lesion located at the rectosigmoid junction are demonstrated. The lesion's trauma hinders the use of digital enhancements and accurate assessment, emphasizing the importance of gentle handling. The chapter discusses potential indicators of covert invasive cancer due to lesion size, location, and morphology. The significance of biopsy strategy is highlighted, advocating for biopsies only in demarcated zones when cancer is suspected. Detailed scoring for evaluating cancer risk and specific procedural considerations are explored.","tagid":"300","tagName":"Granularity"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2933","timeFrom":"2650 ","timeTo":"2976.99 ","number":"14","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: High Risk Polyp for Cov ","description":"In this chapter, the challenges of assessing a traumatic granular lesion located at the rectosigmoid junction are demonstrated. The lesion's trauma hinders the use of digital enhancements and accurate assessment, emphasizing the importance of gentle handling. The chapter discusses potential indicators of covert invasive cancer due to lesion size, location, and morphology. The significance of biopsy strategy is highlighted, advocating for biopsies only in demarcated zones when cancer is suspected. Detailed scoring for evaluating cancer risk and specific procedural considerations are explored.","tagid":"308","tagName":"Granular"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2933","timeFrom":"2650 ","timeTo":"2976.99 ","number":"14","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: High Risk Polyp for Cov ","description":"In this chapter, the challenges of assessing a traumatic granular lesion located at the rectosigmoid junction are demonstrated. The lesion's trauma hinders the use of digital enhancements and accurate assessment, emphasizing the importance of gentle handling. The chapter discusses potential indicators of covert invasive cancer due to lesion size, location, and morphology. The significance of biopsy strategy is highlighted, advocating for biopsies only in demarcated zones when cancer is suspected. Detailed scoring for evaluating cancer risk and specific procedural considerations are explored.","tagid":"326","tagName":"Paris 0-IIa+Is"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2934","timeFrom":"2977 ","timeTo":"3267.99 ","number":"15","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: High Risk Polyp for Cov ","description":"In this chapter, the identification and risk stratification of polyps, specifically concerning cancer suspicion, are discussed. Emphasis is placed on evaluating a polyp in the descending colon, focusing on characteristics such as size, surface granularity, and the Paris classification. A significant point is the importance of observing demarcation zones for cancer detection. The discussion elucidates how location and the patient's demographic details can impact decision-making in polyp management.","tagid":"300","tagName":"Granularity"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2934","timeFrom":"2977 ","timeTo":"3267.99 ","number":"15","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: High Risk Polyp for Cov ","description":"In this chapter, the identification and risk stratification of polyps, specifically concerning cancer suspicion, are discussed. Emphasis is placed on evaluating a polyp in the descending colon, focusing on characteristics such as size, surface granularity, and the Paris classification. A significant point is the importance of observing demarcation zones for cancer detection. The discussion elucidates how location and the patient's demographic details can impact decision-making in polyp management.","tagid":"308","tagName":"Granular"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2934","timeFrom":"2977 ","timeTo":"3267.99 ","number":"15","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: High Risk Polyp for Cov ","description":"In this chapter, the identification and risk stratification of polyps, specifically concerning cancer suspicion, are discussed. Emphasis is placed on evaluating a polyp in the descending colon, focusing on characteristics such as size, surface granularity, and the Paris classification. A significant point is the importance of observing demarcation zones for cancer detection. The discussion elucidates how location and the patient's demographic details can impact decision-making in polyp management.","tagid":"326","tagName":"Paris 0-IIa+Is"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2935","timeFrom":"3268 ","timeTo":"3606.99 ","number":"16","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Summary Cartoons ","description":"This chapter discusses the classification of lesions using the Paris system, focusing on lateral spreading tumors and their associated cancer risks. The importance of lesion size and morphology in determining cancer risk is highlighted. Granular patterns are considered favorable compared to non-granular patterns. The classification of Type 1 (elevated) and Type 2 (flat) lesions, including the significance of depression in flat lesions, is explored. The significance of mixed nodular lesions, and the differences between LST granular and LST non-granular types, are also described.","tagid":"303","tagName":"Paris Classification"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2935","timeFrom":"3268 ","timeTo":"3606.99 ","number":"16","chaptername":"Focus 1: Detecting Cancer: Summary Cartoons ","description":"This chapter discusses the classification of lesions using the Paris system, focusing on lateral spreading tumors and their associated cancer risks. The importance of lesion size and morphology in determining cancer risk is highlighted. Granular patterns are considered favorable compared to non-granular patterns. The classification of Type 1 (elevated) and Type 2 (flat) lesions, including the significance of depression in flat lesions, is explored. The significance of mixed nodular lesions, and the differences between LST granular and LST non-granular types, are also described.","tagid":"300","tagName":"Granularity"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2936","timeFrom":"3607 ","timeTo":"3651.99 ","number":"17","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist ","description":"In this chapter, the challenges associated with polyp management in endoscopy, particularly regarding incomplete resections and complications necessitating surgery, are highlighted. The discussion emphasizes the critical decision-making process for determining appropriate treatment protocols when no cancer is present. Insights are provided into ensuring complete removal to prevent surgical interventions, underscoring the significance of advanced planning and skillful execution.","tagid":"748","tagName":"SMSA Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2937","timeFrom":"3652 ","timeTo":"3812.99 ","number":"18","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"In this chapter, the assessment of polypectomy difficulty using the SMSA score is discussed. Factors such as polyp size, shape, and location, as well as access difficulty, contribute to the complexity of removal. The SMSA score correlates with the likelihood of successful removal, complications like bleeding, the need for surgery, and recurrence rates. Examples illustrate how higher SMSA scores increase procedure duration and risk among experts. A quick calculation tool available online facilitates the use of SMSA scores in evaluating and planning polypectomy procedures.","tagid":"748","tagName":"SMSA Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2938","timeFrom":"3813 ","timeTo":"3955.99 ","number":"19","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: Ap ","description":"In this chapter, challenges associated with resecting a large, flat polyp in the transverse colon are explored. The polyp's morphology and location on a colonic fold make the procedure complex, despite stable scope positioning and access. The SMSA score of four indicates a high level of difficulty, suggesting it should not be attempted without adequate experience. The discussion provides insights into considerations for polyp resection, including morphology, location, and SMSA assessment.","tagid":"748","tagName":"SMSA Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2938","timeFrom":"3813 ","timeTo":"3955.99 ","number":"19","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: Ap ","description":"In this chapter, challenges associated with resecting a large, flat polyp in the transverse colon are explored. The polyp's morphology and location on a colonic fold make the procedure complex, despite stable scope positioning and access. The SMSA score of four indicates a high level of difficulty, suggesting it should not be attempted without adequate experience. The discussion provides insights into considerations for polyp resection, including morphology, location, and SMSA assessment.","tagid":"763","tagName":"SMSA Level 4"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2939","timeFrom":"3956 ","timeTo":"4031.99 ","number":"20","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"This chapter discusses the assessment of SMSA scores, specifically a score of four, which indicates complexity due to features like location difficulty. The chapter emphasizes the SMSA Plus score to further evaluate polyp difficulty. A polyp may be designated as a 'plus' polyp if it exhibits features like being over 4 cm, located at challenging anatomical sites such as the ileocecal valve, appendiceal orifice, or rectal junction, or characterized as non-lifting and non-granular, which impose additional challenges during endoscopic procedures.","tagid":"748","tagName":"SMSA Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2939","timeFrom":"3956 ","timeTo":"4031.99 ","number":"20","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"This chapter discusses the assessment of SMSA scores, specifically a score of four, which indicates complexity due to features like location difficulty. The chapter emphasizes the SMSA Plus score to further evaluate polyp difficulty. A polyp may be designated as a 'plus' polyp if it exhibits features like being over 4 cm, located at challenging anatomical sites such as the ileocecal valve, appendiceal orifice, or rectal junction, or characterized as non-lifting and non-granular, which impose additional challenges during endoscopic procedures.","tagid":"763","tagName":"SMSA Level 4"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2939","timeFrom":"3956 ","timeTo":"4031.99 ","number":"20","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"This chapter discusses the assessment of SMSA scores, specifically a score of four, which indicates complexity due to features like location difficulty. The chapter emphasizes the SMSA Plus score to further evaluate polyp difficulty. A polyp may be designated as a 'plus' polyp if it exhibits features like being over 4 cm, located at challenging anatomical sites such as the ileocecal valve, appendiceal orifice, or rectal junction, or characterized as non-lifting and non-granular, which impose additional challenges during endoscopic procedures.","tagid":"857","tagName":"SMSA + Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2940","timeFrom":"4032 ","timeTo":"4173.99 ","number":"21","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"The chapter discusses the evaluation of a polyp in the right colon, focusing on the site, size, morphology, and access. It particularly emphasizes the challenges posed by a non-granular SMSA plus polyp on a fold, necessitating careful consideration for removal. The discussion highlights the importance of expertise and referral in handling complex polyps, which may not have stable positioning during assessment due to their morphology.","tagid":"748","tagName":"SMSA Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2940","timeFrom":"4032 ","timeTo":"4173.99 ","number":"21","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"The chapter discusses the evaluation of a polyp in the right colon, focusing on the site, size, morphology, and access. It particularly emphasizes the challenges posed by a non-granular SMSA plus polyp on a fold, necessitating careful consideration for removal. The discussion highlights the importance of expertise and referral in handling complex polyps, which may not have stable positioning during assessment due to their morphology.","tagid":"762","tagName":"SMSA Level 3"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2940","timeFrom":"4032 ","timeTo":"4173.99 ","number":"21","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"The chapter discusses the evaluation of a polyp in the right colon, focusing on the site, size, morphology, and access. It particularly emphasizes the challenges posed by a non-granular SMSA plus polyp on a fold, necessitating careful consideration for removal. The discussion highlights the importance of expertise and referral in handling complex polyps, which may not have stable positioning during assessment due to their morphology.","tagid":"857","tagName":"SMSA + Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2941","timeFrom":"4174 ","timeTo":"4277.99 ","number":"22","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"In this chapter, the difficulty of resecting a polyp located near or on the appendiceal orifice is discussed. Although the polyp presents no significant invasion risk and appears homogenous, its position presents a challenge for endoscopists. Other factors influencing the resection decision include the absence of large folds and the polyp's manageable size. These insights are crucial for improving resection strategies and decision-making processes in complex anatomical locations.","tagid":"748","tagName":"SMSA Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2941","timeFrom":"4174 ","timeTo":"4277.99 ","number":"22","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"In this chapter, the difficulty of resecting a polyp located near or on the appendiceal orifice is discussed. Although the polyp presents no significant invasion risk and appears homogenous, its position presents a challenge for endoscopists. Other factors influencing the resection decision include the absence of large folds and the polyp's manageable size. These insights are crucial for improving resection strategies and decision-making processes in complex anatomical locations.","tagid":"857","tagName":"SMSA + Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2941","timeFrom":"4174 ","timeTo":"4277.99 ","number":"22","chaptername":"Focus 2: Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: SM ","description":"In this chapter, the difficulty of resecting a polyp located near or on the appendiceal orifice is discussed. Although the polyp presents no significant invasion risk and appears homogenous, its position presents a challenge for endoscopists. Other factors influencing the resection decision include the absence of large folds and the polyp's manageable size. These insights are crucial for improving resection strategies and decision-making processes in complex anatomical locations.","tagid":"284","tagName":"Appendiceal orifice"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2942","timeFrom":"4278 ","timeTo":"4317.99 ","number":"23","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the discussion revolves around selecting the appropriate endoscopic technique for polypectomy once malignancy has been ruled out. It explores the considerations and decision-making process regarding the use of a snare, the choice between en bloc or piecemeal resections, and the decision to employ hot or cold techniques. The chapter aims to guide endoscopists in making informed procedural choices that optimize outcomes during polyp removal.","tagid":"445","tagName":"En bloc versus piecemeal resection"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2942","timeFrom":"4278 ","timeTo":"4317.99 ","number":"23","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the discussion revolves around selecting the appropriate endoscopic technique for polypectomy once malignancy has been ruled out. It explores the considerations and decision-making process regarding the use of a snare, the choice between en bloc or piecemeal resections, and the decision to employ hot or cold techniques. The chapter aims to guide endoscopists in making informed procedural choices that optimize outcomes during polyp removal.","tagid":"446","tagName":"Hot versus cold snare polypectomy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2942","timeFrom":"4278 ","timeTo":"4317.99 ","number":"23","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the discussion revolves around selecting the appropriate endoscopic technique for polypectomy once malignancy has been ruled out. It explores the considerations and decision-making process regarding the use of a snare, the choice between en bloc or piecemeal resections, and the decision to employ hot or cold techniques. The chapter aims to guide endoscopists in making informed procedural choices that optimize outcomes during polyp removal.","tagid":"472","tagName":"Endoscopic versus Surgical Management"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2943","timeFrom":"4318 ","timeTo":"4367.99 ","number":"24","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: <10mm ","description":"Chapter focuses on the decision-making process for selecting cold polypectomy for polyps less than 10mm. It emphasizes bypassing complex algorithms due to the minimal cancer risk associated with such lesions. However, practitioners are advised to remain vigilant as exceptions, albeit rare, could occur. The chapter advocates critical thinking in all scenarios, ensuring that even with simple algorithms, professional judgement is maintained.","tagid":"446","tagName":"Hot versus cold snare polypectomy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2943","timeFrom":"4318 ","timeTo":"4367.99 ","number":"24","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: <10mm ","description":"Chapter focuses on the decision-making process for selecting cold polypectomy for polyps less than 10mm. It emphasizes bypassing complex algorithms due to the minimal cancer risk associated with such lesions. However, practitioners are advised to remain vigilant as exceptions, albeit rare, could occur. The chapter advocates critical thinking in all scenarios, ensuring that even with simple algorithms, professional judgement is maintained.","tagid":"287","tagName":"Small (less than 10mm)"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2943","timeFrom":"4318 ","timeTo":"4367.99 ","number":"24","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: <10mm ","description":"Chapter focuses on the decision-making process for selecting cold polypectomy for polyps less than 10mm. It emphasizes bypassing complex algorithms due to the minimal cancer risk associated with such lesions. However, practitioners are advised to remain vigilant as exceptions, albeit rare, could occur. The chapter advocates critical thinking in all scenarios, ensuring that even with simple algorithms, professional judgement is maintained.","tagid":"291","tagName":"Cold Snare Polypectomy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2944","timeFrom":"4368 ","timeTo":"4474.99 ","number":"25","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Sessile Serrated Les ","description":"This chapter discusses the differentiation of hyperplastic lesions from SAS ulcerated lesions using the WASP classification. Key indicators include wide pits due to mucus secretion, mucus caps, and indistinct borders that complicate polyp visualization. Hyperplastic lesions typically appear pale with distinct borders, while ulcerated ones lack these clear demarcations. Effective diagnosis involves using advanced imaging techniques to identify these characteristics, assisting endoscopists in applying the correct treatment strategies.","tagid":"463","tagName":"Dysplasia within a sessile serrated polyp"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2944","timeFrom":"4368 ","timeTo":"4474.99 ","number":"25","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Sessile Serrated Les ","description":"This chapter discusses the differentiation of hyperplastic lesions from SAS ulcerated lesions using the WASP classification. Key indicators include wide pits due to mucus secretion, mucus caps, and indistinct borders that complicate polyp visualization. Hyperplastic lesions typically appear pale with distinct borders, while ulcerated ones lack these clear demarcations. Effective diagnosis involves using advanced imaging techniques to identify these characteristics, assisting endoscopists in applying the correct treatment strategies.","tagid":"446","tagName":"Hot versus cold snare polypectomy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2944","timeFrom":"4368 ","timeTo":"4474.99 ","number":"25","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Sessile Serrated Les ","description":"This chapter discusses the differentiation of hyperplastic lesions from SAS ulcerated lesions using the WASP classification. Key indicators include wide pits due to mucus secretion, mucus caps, and indistinct borders that complicate polyp visualization. Hyperplastic lesions typically appear pale with distinct borders, while ulcerated ones lack these clear demarcations. Effective diagnosis involves using advanced imaging techniques to identify these characteristics, assisting endoscopists in applying the correct treatment strategies.","tagid":"305","tagName":"WASP classification"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2945","timeFrom":"4475 ","timeTo":"4807.99 ","number":"26","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Sessile Serra ","description":"Chapter discusses the management of dysplastic lesions within sessile serrated adenomas and polyps, focusing on their potential to transition into colorectal cancer. Emphasized is the importance of complete resection and clear margin demarcation. Injection techniques are recommended to ensure thorough identification of lesion borders. Hot snare polypectomy is advised over cold techniques for dysplastic lesions to reduce incomplete resection rates. The role of imaging advancements in lesion identification and interdisciplinary communication with pathologists are highlighted.","tagid":"463","tagName":"Dysplasia within a sessile serrated polyp"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2945","timeFrom":"4475 ","timeTo":"4807.99 ","number":"26","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Sessile Serra ","description":"Chapter discusses the management of dysplastic lesions within sessile serrated adenomas and polyps, focusing on their potential to transition into colorectal cancer. Emphasized is the importance of complete resection and clear margin demarcation. Injection techniques are recommended to ensure thorough identification of lesion borders. Hot snare polypectomy is advised over cold techniques for dysplastic lesions to reduce incomplete resection rates. The role of imaging advancements in lesion identification and interdisciplinary communication with pathologists are highlighted.","tagid":"446","tagName":"Hot versus cold snare polypectomy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2946","timeFrom":"4808 ","timeTo":"4866.99 ","number":"27","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: SSL technique Summar ","description":"Chapter discusses the concerns surrounding the use of piecemeal cold snare polypectomy, particularly emphasizing the importance of lesion characterization. It highlights the necessity of identifying dysplastic ulcerated lesions before selecting a technique to avoid inappropriate application. The focus is on proper lesion assessment, submucosal lifting, and resection with hot snare for lesions with dysplasia. Recommendations for further education and visual resources are suggested to enhance identification skills.","tagid":"463","tagName":"Dysplasia within a sessile serrated polyp"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2946","timeFrom":"4808 ","timeTo":"4866.99 ","number":"27","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: SSL technique Summar ","description":"Chapter discusses the concerns surrounding the use of piecemeal cold snare polypectomy, particularly emphasizing the importance of lesion characterization. It highlights the necessity of identifying dysplastic ulcerated lesions before selecting a technique to avoid inappropriate application. The focus is on proper lesion assessment, submucosal lifting, and resection with hot snare for lesions with dysplasia. Recommendations for further education and visual resources are suggested to enhance identification skills.","tagid":"446","tagName":"Hot versus cold snare polypectomy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2947","timeFrom":"4867 ","timeTo":"4974.99 ","number":"28","chaptername":"Focus 3: Choice of Technique: Hot or Cold? ","description":"This chapter discusses the predominance of cold snare polypectomy for colorectal polyps, highlighting that hot snares are reserved for only larger or serrated polyps with dysplasia. It emphasizes evaluating the risk of cancer and assessing one's capability through the SMSA score. The discussion involves the classification of polyps by size and the appropriate choice between hot and cold techniques, elucidating their application in clinical practice.","tagid":"446","tagName":"Hot versus cold snare polypectomy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2948","timeFrom":"4975 ","timeTo":"5111.99 ","number":"29","chaptername":"Focus 1-3: Summary ","description":"The chapter elaborates on the decision-making process in polyp resection, emphasizing factors like lesion type, access difficulty, and time management. It highlights the importance of comprehensive planning, from adequate imaging to anticipating complications and potential adjuvant therapies. Insight is given into SMSA scoring impacts and challenges associated with non-granular lesions. The necessity of appropriate equipment and a skilled team is underscored to mitigate procedural risks and improve outcomes.","tagid":"446","tagName":"Hot versus cold snare polypectomy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2948","timeFrom":"4975 ","timeTo":"5111.99 ","number":"29","chaptername":"Focus 1-3: Summary ","description":"The chapter elaborates on the decision-making process in polyp resection, emphasizing factors like lesion type, access difficulty, and time management. It highlights the importance of comprehensive planning, from adequate imaging to anticipating complications and potential adjuvant therapies. Insight is given into SMSA scoring impacts and challenges associated with non-granular lesions. The necessity of appropriate equipment and a skilled team is underscored to mitigate procedural risks and improve outcomes.","tagid":"445","tagName":"En bloc versus piecemeal resection"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2948","timeFrom":"4975 ","timeTo":"5111.99 ","number":"29","chaptername":"Focus 1-3: Summary ","description":"The chapter elaborates on the decision-making process in polyp resection, emphasizing factors like lesion type, access difficulty, and time management. It highlights the importance of comprehensive planning, from adequate imaging to anticipating complications and potential adjuvant therapies. Insight is given into SMSA scoring impacts and challenges associated with non-granular lesions. The necessity of appropriate equipment and a skilled team is underscored to mitigate procedural risks and improve outcomes.","tagid":"472","tagName":"Endoscopic versus Surgical Management"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2948","timeFrom":"4975 ","timeTo":"5111.99 ","number":"29","chaptername":"Focus 1-3: Summary ","description":"The chapter elaborates on the decision-making process in polyp resection, emphasizing factors like lesion type, access difficulty, and time management. It highlights the importance of comprehensive planning, from adequate imaging to anticipating complications and potential adjuvant therapies. Insight is given into SMSA scoring impacts and challenges associated with non-granular lesions. The necessity of appropriate equipment and a skilled team is underscored to mitigate procedural risks and improve outcomes.","tagid":"473","tagName":"Whether to biopsy a suspicious polyp"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2950","timeFrom":"5159 ","timeTo":"5363.99 ","number":"31","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Intro to GPAT ","description":"Chapter introduces the Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPA) developed by a consensus among global experts. It discusses key factors involved in polypectomy, including injection technique, snare placement, and defect inspection. The chapter emphasizes the standardization of polypectomy evaluation through GPA and the importance of appropriate technique and snare selection. It also highlights the challenges in assessing polypectomy difficulty and quality, encouraging practitioners to assess and communicate their performance using a structured approach.","tagid":"862","tagName":"Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPAT)"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2950","timeFrom":"5159 ","timeTo":"5363.99 ","number":"31","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Intro to GPAT ","description":"Chapter introduces the Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPA) developed by a consensus among global experts. It discusses key factors involved in polypectomy, including injection technique, snare placement, and defect inspection. The chapter emphasizes the standardization of polypectomy evaluation through GPA and the importance of appropriate technique and snare selection. It also highlights the challenges in assessing polypectomy difficulty and quality, encouraging practitioners to assess and communicate their performance using a structured approach.","tagid":"269","tagName":"Injection technique"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2950","timeFrom":"5159 ","timeTo":"5363.99 ","number":"31","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Intro to GPAT ","description":"Chapter introduces the Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPA) developed by a consensus among global experts. It discusses key factors involved in polypectomy, including injection technique, snare placement, and defect inspection. The chapter emphasizes the standardization of polypectomy evaluation through GPA and the importance of appropriate technique and snare selection. It also highlights the challenges in assessing polypectomy difficulty and quality, encouraging practitioners to assess and communicate their performance using a structured approach.","tagid":"270","tagName":"Snare placement"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2950","timeFrom":"5159 ","timeTo":"5363.99 ","number":"31","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Intro to GPAT ","description":"Chapter introduces the Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPA) developed by a consensus among global experts. It discusses key factors involved in polypectomy, including injection technique, snare placement, and defect inspection. The chapter emphasizes the standardization of polypectomy evaluation through GPA and the importance of appropriate technique and snare selection. It also highlights the challenges in assessing polypectomy difficulty and quality, encouraging practitioners to assess and communicate their performance using a structured approach.","tagid":"271","tagName":"Safety checks prior to application of diathermy"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2950","timeFrom":"5159 ","timeTo":"5363.99 ","number":"31","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Intro to GPAT ","description":"Chapter introduces the Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPA) developed by a consensus among global experts. It discusses key factors involved in polypectomy, including injection technique, snare placement, and defect inspection. The chapter emphasizes the standardization of polypectomy evaluation through GPA and the importance of appropriate technique and snare selection. It also highlights the challenges in assessing polypectomy difficulty and quality, encouraging practitioners to assess and communicate their performance using a structured approach.","tagid":"800","tagName":"Safety"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2950","timeFrom":"5159 ","timeTo":"5363.99 ","number":"31","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Intro to GPAT ","description":"Chapter introduces the Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPA) developed by a consensus among global experts. It discusses key factors involved in polypectomy, including injection technique, snare placement, and defect inspection. The chapter emphasizes the standardization of polypectomy evaluation through GPA and the importance of appropriate technique and snare selection. It also highlights the challenges in assessing polypectomy difficulty and quality, encouraging practitioners to assess and communicate their performance using a structured approach.","tagid":"272","tagName":"Post polypectomy defect assessment"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2951","timeFrom":"5364","timeTo":"5413.99","number":"32","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? GPAT and the 4 P's","description":"In this chapter, the framework of the 4 Ps\u00e2\u0080\u0094Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity\u00e2\u0080\u0094is discussed in the context of snare placement during endoscopic procedures. Special emphasis is placed on how applying each of these principles can enhance the effectiveness of the procedure, particularly during the visualization and closure of the snare. This structured approach aids in improving both the accuracy and safety of the polypectomy process.","tagid":"862","tagName":"Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPAT)"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2951","timeFrom":"5364","timeTo":"5413.99","number":"32","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? GPAT and the 4 P's","description":"In this chapter, the framework of the 4 Ps\u00e2\u0080\u0094Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity\u00e2\u0080\u0094is discussed in the context of snare placement during endoscopic procedures. Special emphasis is placed on how applying each of these principles can enhance the effectiveness of the procedure, particularly during the visualization and closure of the snare. This structured approach aids in improving both the accuracy and safety of the polypectomy process.","tagid":"858","tagName":"4 Ps - Plan"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2951","timeFrom":"5364","timeTo":"5413.99","number":"32","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? GPAT and the 4 P's","description":"In this chapter, the framework of the 4 Ps\u00e2\u0080\u0094Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity\u00e2\u0080\u0094is discussed in the context of snare placement during endoscopic procedures. Special emphasis is placed on how applying each of these principles can enhance the effectiveness of the procedure, particularly during the visualization and closure of the snare. This structured approach aids in improving both the accuracy and safety of the polypectomy process.","tagid":"859","tagName":"4 Ps - Position"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2951","timeFrom":"5364","timeTo":"5413.99","number":"32","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? GPAT and the 4 P's","description":"In this chapter, the framework of the 4 Ps\u00e2\u0080\u0094Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity\u00e2\u0080\u0094is discussed in the context of snare placement during endoscopic procedures. Special emphasis is placed on how applying each of these principles can enhance the effectiveness of the procedure, particularly during the visualization and closure of the snare. This structured approach aids in improving both the accuracy and safety of the polypectomy process.","tagid":"860","tagName":"4 Ps - Plane"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2951","timeFrom":"5364","timeTo":"5413.99","number":"32","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? GPAT and the 4 P's","description":"In this chapter, the framework of the 4 Ps\u00e2\u0080\u0094Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity\u00e2\u0080\u0094is discussed in the context of snare placement during endoscopic procedures. Special emphasis is placed on how applying each of these principles can enhance the effectiveness of the procedure, particularly during the visualization and closure of the snare. This structured approach aids in improving both the accuracy and safety of the polypectomy process.","tagid":"861","tagName":"4 Ps - Proximity"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2952","timeFrom":"5414 ","timeTo":"5575.99 ","number":"33","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? Polyp Assessment ","description":"This chapter discusses the assessment and resection of a flat lesion located at the appendiceal orifice in the right colon. The lesion is characterized as low-risk, using the Paris classification 2a and granular morphology. The chapter emphasizes the importance of appropriate technique selection, such as EMR, and the benefits of using underwater methods and endoscopic caps for enhanced visualization. It concludes with a recommendation against attempting such procedures in non-professional settings.","tagid":"284","tagName":"Appendiceal orifice"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2952","timeFrom":"5414 ","timeTo":"5575.99 ","number":"33","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? Polyp Assessment ","description":"This chapter discusses the assessment and resection of a flat lesion located at the appendiceal orifice in the right colon. The lesion is characterized as low-risk, using the Paris classification 2a and granular morphology. The chapter emphasizes the importance of appropriate technique selection, such as EMR, and the benefits of using underwater methods and endoscopic caps for enhanced visualization. It concludes with a recommendation against attempting such procedures in non-professional settings.","tagid":"857","tagName":"SMSA + Score"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2953","timeFrom":"5576 ","timeTo":"5772.99 ","number":"34","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform?: Injection Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the method of dynamic injection during endoscopy is explored, highlighting its significance in achieving optimal lifting of polyps. Techniques such as using the needle to manipulate fluid flow and enhancing snare placement are demonstrated. These aspects facilitate enhanced polyp access and ensure the injectate adequately supports the target area. The discussion emphasizes the importance of fluid management and scope maneuvering for effective injection and polyp preparation.","tagid":"269","tagName":"Injection technique"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2953","timeFrom":"5576 ","timeTo":"5772.99 ","number":"34","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform?: Injection Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the method of dynamic injection during endoscopy is explored, highlighting its significance in achieving optimal lifting of polyps. Techniques such as using the needle to manipulate fluid flow and enhancing snare placement are demonstrated. These aspects facilitate enhanced polyp access and ensure the injectate adequately supports the target area. The discussion emphasizes the importance of fluid management and scope maneuvering for effective injection and polyp preparation.","tagid":"453","tagName":"Dynamic injection"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2954","timeFrom":"5773 ","timeTo":"6044.99 ","number":"35","chaptername":"Focus 4: Snare Placement Technique ","description":"In this chapter, the strategic approach to snare placement in endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is discussed. Emphasis is placed on ensuring the snare is securely fixed by maintaining close proximity to the scope. The importance of capturing a generous cuff of normal mucosa is highlighted to facilitate clear plane definition. Techniques to visualize the 'V' in snare closure and tips for obtaining adequate tissue capture are demonstrated, providing a comprehensive understanding of enhancing resection outcomes.","tagid":"270","tagName":"Snare placement"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2955","timeFrom":"6045 ","timeTo":"6117.99 ","number":"36","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? Injection 2 ","description":"In this chapter, the alignment and positioning of a braided snare catheter using the pivot technique for endoscopic procedures are discussed. By aligning the snare in the same plane as the muscle layer, the potential muscle damage is minimized. Importance is placed on perpendicularity to the muscle and using the snare's stiffness to fold it over lesions effectively. This approach enhances procedural safety and efficacy by reducing muscular injury risk.","tagid":"270","tagName":"Snare placement"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2955","timeFrom":"6045 ","timeTo":"6117.99 ","number":"36","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? Injection 2 ","description":"In this chapter, the alignment and positioning of a braided snare catheter using the pivot technique for endoscopic procedures are discussed. By aligning the snare in the same plane as the muscle layer, the potential muscle damage is minimized. Importance is placed on perpendicularity to the muscle and using the snare's stiffness to fold it over lesions effectively. This approach enhances procedural safety and efficacy by reducing muscular injury risk.","tagid":"860","tagName":"4 Ps - Plane"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2956","timeFrom":"6118 ","timeTo":"6302.99 ","number":"37","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Snare Placement 2 ","description":"In this chapter, the intricacies of snare placement for effective polyp resection are discussed. Emphasis is placed on laying the snare into the defect to prevent tissue islands, utilizing the endoscope's torque, and employing suction to enhance tissue capture within the snare. The importance of precise snare positioning to avoid superficial mucosal shaving is highlighted, along with the strategic use of suction for optimal tissue engagement.","tagid":"270","tagName":"Snare placement"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2957","timeFrom":"6303 ","timeTo":"6350.99 ","number":"38","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Safety Checks Prior t ","description":"The chapter discusses techniques for snare closure, highlighting differences in approaches such as marking the snare or manually closing it, with emphasis on minimizing tissue compression. Key considerations include mobility assessment prior to resection and defect assessment techniques post-resection.","tagid":"270","tagName":"Snare placement"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2958","timeFrom":"6351 ","timeTo":"6435.99 ","number":"39","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Audience Question ","description":"The chapter discusses strategies for handling polypectomy procedures when they become challenging and beyond the practitioner's current capability. It emphasizes the importance of pre-assessment to avoid taking on resections that cannot be completed. Utilizing the SMSA score for risk assessment and seeking assistance from an experienced colleague during the procedure if difficulties arise are recommended. If alone, prioritizing safety and considering a two-stage EMR approach, with the option of deferring to a secondary attempt after six weeks, is advised to avoid complications such as perforation.","tagid":"270","tagName":"Snare placement"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2959","timeFrom":"6436","timeTo":"6749.99","number":"40","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Cartoon 4 P's and Sum","description":"The chapter discusses the importance of the four Ps: Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity, in achieving successful polypectomy. Detailed insights into proper snare positioning and its alignment with the muscle layer are demonstrated to ensure efficient resection and reduce incomplete cuts. The significance of spatial orientation in relation to the polyp location and maintaining continuity in resection defects is emphasized. Techniques to improve visualization and apply appropriate pressure during polypectomy are also highlighted.","tagid":"858","tagName":"4 Ps - Plan"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2959","timeFrom":"6436","timeTo":"6749.99","number":"40","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Cartoon 4 P's and Sum","description":"The chapter discusses the importance of the four Ps: Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity, in achieving successful polypectomy. Detailed insights into proper snare positioning and its alignment with the muscle layer are demonstrated to ensure efficient resection and reduce incomplete cuts. The significance of spatial orientation in relation to the polyp location and maintaining continuity in resection defects is emphasized. Techniques to improve visualization and apply appropriate pressure during polypectomy are also highlighted.","tagid":"859","tagName":"4 Ps - Position"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2959","timeFrom":"6436","timeTo":"6749.99","number":"40","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Cartoon 4 P's and Sum","description":"The chapter discusses the importance of the four Ps: Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity, in achieving successful polypectomy. Detailed insights into proper snare positioning and its alignment with the muscle layer are demonstrated to ensure efficient resection and reduce incomplete cuts. The significance of spatial orientation in relation to the polyp location and maintaining continuity in resection defects is emphasized. Techniques to improve visualization and apply appropriate pressure during polypectomy are also highlighted.","tagid":"860","tagName":"4 Ps - Plane"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2959","timeFrom":"6436","timeTo":"6749.99","number":"40","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Cartoon 4 P's and Sum","description":"The chapter discusses the importance of the four Ps: Plan, Position, Plane, and Proximity, in achieving successful polypectomy. Detailed insights into proper snare positioning and its alignment with the muscle layer are demonstrated to ensure efficient resection and reduce incomplete cuts. The significance of spatial orientation in relation to the polyp location and maintaining continuity in resection defects is emphasized. Techniques to improve visualization and apply appropriate pressure during polypectomy are also highlighted.","tagid":"861","tagName":"4 Ps - Proximity"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2960","timeFrom":"6750 ","timeTo":"6983.99 ","number":"41","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Defect Assessment ","description":"In this chapter, meticulous snare placement and defect assessment post-resection are demonstrated. A systematic evaluation of the defect, specifically checking for residual polyps and assessing the submucosa for bleeding, is emphasized. It is advised not to coagulate non-bleeding, herniating vessels to avoid the risk of delayed bleeding due to thermal damage. The conversation highlights the potential for significant bleeding from deeper submucosal vessels, which often occurs after a successful resection when initial assessment shows no issues.","tagid":"272","tagName":"Post polypectomy defect assessment"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2960","timeFrom":"6750 ","timeTo":"6983.99 ","number":"41","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Defect Assessment ","description":"In this chapter, meticulous snare placement and defect assessment post-resection are demonstrated. A systematic evaluation of the defect, specifically checking for residual polyps and assessing the submucosa for bleeding, is emphasized. It is advised not to coagulate non-bleeding, herniating vessels to avoid the risk of delayed bleeding due to thermal damage. The conversation highlights the potential for significant bleeding from deeper submucosal vessels, which often occurs after a successful resection when initial assessment shows no issues.","tagid":"458","tagName":"Submucosal blood vessels"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2960","timeFrom":"6750 ","timeTo":"6983.99 ","number":"41","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Defect Assessment ","description":"In this chapter, meticulous snare placement and defect assessment post-resection are demonstrated. A systematic evaluation of the defect, specifically checking for residual polyps and assessing the submucosa for bleeding, is emphasized. It is advised not to coagulate non-bleeding, herniating vessels to avoid the risk of delayed bleeding due to thermal damage. The conversation highlights the potential for significant bleeding from deeper submucosal vessels, which often occurs after a successful resection when initial assessment shows no issues.","tagid":"469","tagName":"Residual adenoma"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2960","timeFrom":"6750 ","timeTo":"6983.99 ","number":"41","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Defect Assessment ","description":"In this chapter, meticulous snare placement and defect assessment post-resection are demonstrated. A systematic evaluation of the defect, specifically checking for residual polyps and assessing the submucosa for bleeding, is emphasized. It is advised not to coagulate non-bleeding, herniating vessels to avoid the risk of delayed bleeding due to thermal damage. The conversation highlights the potential for significant bleeding from deeper submucosal vessels, which often occurs after a successful resection when initial assessment shows no issues.","tagid":"506","tagName":"Deep mural injury"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2960","timeFrom":"6750 ","timeTo":"6983.99 ","number":"41","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Defect Assessment ","description":"In this chapter, meticulous snare placement and defect assessment post-resection are demonstrated. A systematic evaluation of the defect, specifically checking for residual polyps and assessing the submucosa for bleeding, is emphasized. It is advised not to coagulate non-bleeding, herniating vessels to avoid the risk of delayed bleeding due to thermal damage. The conversation highlights the potential for significant bleeding from deeper submucosal vessels, which often occurs after a successful resection when initial assessment shows no issues.","tagid":"513","tagName":"Margin assessment for residual"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2961","timeFrom":"6984 ","timeTo":"7302.99 ","number":"42","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : Margin Ablation ","description":"This chapter discusses the application of thermal ablation at the margin during an endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), focusing on improving tip control through soft tip coagulation. Various techniques such as the dab-dab approach are elucidated, emphasizing their role in reducing recurrence rates of adenomas. The effectiveness of these techniques is highlighted in both piecemeal and en bloc resections. Discussion also includes the size considerations for applying this method.","tagid":"457","tagName":"Thermal ablation of the post-resection defect margin"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2962","timeFrom":"7303 ","timeTo":"7425.99 ","number":"43","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : GPAT assessment of th ","description":"In this chapter, advanced techniques for endoscopic polypectomy are demonstrated, including the use of hot snare polypectomy. Key discussions focus on improving polyp access through shape and size adaptation of snares, dynamic injection techniques for optimal submucosal plane establishment, and ensuring safety checks prior to resection. Additionally, the importance of careful defect inspection and post-resection thermal ablation is outlined. The chapter also introduces scoring systems, such as GPA, for evaluating procedural difficulty and clinical outcomes.","tagid":"862","tagName":"Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPAT)"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2963","timeFrom":"7426 ","timeTo":"7551.99 ","number":"44","chaptername":"Usefulness of GPAT as a Competency Framework ","description":"The chapter discusses the importance of the GPA (Global Polypectomy Assessment) as a competency framework for endoscopists. It is emphasized as both a formative and summative assessment tool that aids in the enhancement of polypectomy techniques. By using the GPA for self-assessment, practitioners can identify areas for improvement and ensure competence in performing procedures. The framework's superiority over its predecessor, the DOAs, is highlighted, alongside its potential to elevate both individual and collective proficiency in polypectomy.","tagid":"862","tagName":"Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPAT)"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2964","timeFrom":"7552 ","timeTo":"7831.99 ","number":"45","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : 2 Audience Questions ","description":"The chapter discusses the practicality and safety of injecting through polyps during piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), emphasizing that if the area is confirmed benign, it is both safe and potentially beneficial. Furthermore, the conversation elaborates on the use of the same snare for ablation, as it provides effective diathermy application. Cleaning the snare to remove carbonized tissue is critical to maintain its functionality. Additionally, the importance of assessing submucosal planes and the necessity of addressing only certain defects is highlighted.","tagid":"269","tagName":"Injection technique"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2964","timeFrom":"7552 ","timeTo":"7831.99 ","number":"45","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : 2 Audience Questions ","description":"The chapter discusses the practicality and safety of injecting through polyps during piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), emphasizing that if the area is confirmed benign, it is both safe and potentially beneficial. Furthermore, the conversation elaborates on the use of the same snare for ablation, as it provides effective diathermy application. Cleaning the snare to remove carbonized tissue is critical to maintain its functionality. Additionally, the importance of assessing submucosal planes and the necessity of addressing only certain defects is highlighted.","tagid":"273","tagName":"Thermal ablation of the post-polypectomy margin"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2964","timeFrom":"7552 ","timeTo":"7831.99 ","number":"45","chaptername":"Focus 4: How do I Perform? : 2 Audience Questions ","description":"The chapter discusses the practicality and safety of injecting through polyps during piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), emphasizing that if the area is confirmed benign, it is both safe and potentially beneficial. Furthermore, the conversation elaborates on the use of the same snare for ablation, as it provides effective diathermy application. Cleaning the snare to remove carbonized tissue is critical to maintain its functionality. Additionally, the importance of assessing submucosal planes and the necessity of addressing only certain defects is highlighted.","tagid":"506","tagName":"Deep mural injury"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2965","timeFrom":"7832 ","timeTo":"7878.99 ","number":"46","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy ","description":"This chapter addresses techniques for analyzing scars during surveillance procedures in endoscopy. Key aspects include identifying scars by looking for pale areas where large vessels are absent and recognizing distinct pit patterns with larger and more open pits compared to the surrounding mucosa. As time progresses, such scars may become less visible, which can complicate analysis. This insight is crucial for endoscopists monitoring post-procedural conditions.","tagid":"342","tagName":"Scar detection"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2966","timeFrom":"7879 ","timeTo":"8008.99 ","number":"47","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy : Detectin ","description":"The chapter discusses methods for identifying recurrence in scars following endoscopic procedures. It emphasizes the importance of thorough inspection using both white light and Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) to detect subtle pit pattern changes and nodular formations. The chapter provides examples where multifocal recurrence is present within scars and highlights the methodical approach required to diagnose and potentially cure affected patients. It stresses the need for careful inspection around the scar's edges and center to improve detection accuracy, thereby reducing recurrence rates.","tagid":"342","tagName":"Scar detection"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2966","timeFrom":"7879 ","timeTo":"8008.99 ","number":"47","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy : Detectin ","description":"The chapter discusses methods for identifying recurrence in scars following endoscopic procedures. It emphasizes the importance of thorough inspection using both white light and Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) to detect subtle pit pattern changes and nodular formations. The chapter provides examples where multifocal recurrence is present within scars and highlights the methodical approach required to diagnose and potentially cure affected patients. It stresses the need for careful inspection around the scar's edges and center to improve detection accuracy, thereby reducing recurrence rates.","tagid":"343","tagName":"Standardised scar assessment technique"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2967","timeFrom":"8009 ","timeTo":"8141.99 ","number":"48","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy: What is N ","description":"In this chapter, the differentiation between clip artifact and polyp recurrence in endoscopic treatments is explored. The formation of granulation tissue around clips, distinguished by regular pit patterns and lack of adenomatous tissue, is contrasted with actual recurrence, which displays irregular, elongated pits. Importance is placed on careful inspection when assessing recurrence beneath clips. Understanding these differences is crucial for effective post-polypectomy defect management.","tagid":"343","tagName":"Standardised scar assessment technique"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2968","timeFrom":"8142 ","timeTo":"8267.99 ","number":"49","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance after Polypectomy : Accuracy ","description":"Chapter discusses the effectiveness of endoscopic assessment in determining the absence of polyp recurrence, highlighting its high negative predictive value. It emphasizes the importance of experience in evaluating scars, suggesting that expert endoscopists can reliably predict the absence of recurrence. The discussion notes that multifocal recurrences necessitate thorough biopsy practices, while also acknowledging typical inaccuracies when misinterpreting potential recurrences. The focus remains on the assessment's reliability over biopsy strategies, with treatment methodologies being beyond this chapter's scope.","tagid":"343","tagName":"Standardised scar assessment technique"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2968","timeFrom":"8142 ","timeTo":"8267.99 ","number":"49","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance after Polypectomy : Accuracy ","description":"Chapter discusses the effectiveness of endoscopic assessment in determining the absence of polyp recurrence, highlighting its high negative predictive value. It emphasizes the importance of experience in evaluating scars, suggesting that expert endoscopists can reliably predict the absence of recurrence. The discussion notes that multifocal recurrences necessitate thorough biopsy practices, while also acknowledging typical inaccuracies when misinterpreting potential recurrences. The focus remains on the assessment's reliability over biopsy strategies, with treatment methodologies being beyond this chapter's scope.","tagid":"731","tagName":"Scar biopsy technique"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2969","timeFrom":"8268 ","timeTo":"8580.99 ","number":"50","chaptername":"Focus 5: Surveillance After Polypectomy: Biopsy a ","description":"This chapter discusses strategies for managing the recurrence of polyps in endoscopic procedures. It emphasizes the importance of identifying and treating recurrences early, ideally within six months post-procedure, at expert centers. Competency in assessing scars and differentiating them from recurrent lesions or clip artifacts is highlighted. The chapter also suggests the use of biopsy or ablation techniques based on the likelihood of recurrence and stress on the need for specialized training in recognizing and treating these lesions.","tagid":"345","tagName":"Treatment of recurrent polyp"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2970","timeFrom":"8581 ","timeTo":"8623.99 ","number":"51","chaptername":"Technique Specifics - Snare Sizes and Types ","description":"In this chapter, key considerations for snare types and sizes are discussed, along with diathermy settings and the differences between hot and cold techniques. Insights are provided into preferred brands and the practical use of snares in endoscopic procedures. This information is intended to guide endoscopists in choosing appropriate tools and techniques to enhance procedural efficiency and outcomes.","tagid":"329","tagName":"Snare selection"},{"id":"696","split":"1","chapterid":"2971","timeFrom":"8624 ","timeTo":"8665.99 ","number":"52","chaptername":"Technique Specifics - Diathermy Settings ","description":"The Chapter discusses the appropriate diathermy settings for endoscopic procedures, emphasizing the distinction between the yellow and blue pedal operations. It highlights the combined functionalities of coagulation and cutting in modern generators and cautions against the use of forced coagulation with the tip of a snare for margin ablation, which may lead to colon perforation. Soft coagulation is advocated as the safest method for margin ablation.","tagid":"743","tagName":"Diathermy"}]

[{"name":"Theoretical Basis of Polypectomy: A Webinar","description":"A 2.5 hour tour of the important concepts in polypectomy theory in 2022. These concepts are explored more deeply in the other courses that we offer throughout the site.","summary":"

The video highlights the importance of evaluating the demarcated area and matching the polyp to the endoscopist's expertise. Technique selection should consider polyp characteristics and the endoscopist's skill, with an accurate selection of the snares. Evaluating scars, regular surveillance, and competency in handling referrals are essential. Understanding diathermy settings is vital, especially for margin ablation. Continuous learning, particularly in scar assessment and current practices, significantly enhances patient outcomes.<\/p>","detailedSummary":"

Here is a list of key learning points from the video:<\/h6>\n

\n
• Evaluation of Demarcated Area: The demarcated area can provide important clues about the presence of submucosal invasion. The irregular or disrupted demarcation may indicate deeper tissue involvement and a higher likelihood of malignancy.<\/li>\n
• Matching the Polyp to the Endoscopist: It is crucial to consider the expertise and skill set of the endoscopist when determining the appropriate management approach for a polyp. Not all polyps are equal, and their characteristics may vary in terms of size, location, morphology, and complexity.<\/li>\n
• Choosing the Appropriate Technique: When approaching the management of a polyp, it is important to carefully consider the characteristics of the polyp and select the most appropriate technique for its removal. Factors such as size, location, morphology, histology, and the endoscopist's expertise should be taken into account.<\/li>\n
• Snare Selection: The use of braided snares is preferred over monofilament snares for polypectomy due to better application of diathermy and the need to clean carbonized tissue off the snare tip.<\/li>\n
• Assessing Scars: When evaluating scar tissue for recurrence, look for a pale area without large vessels in the center, with a pit pattern that is more open and larger than the surrounding mucosa.<\/li>\n
• Surveillance: Regular surveillance is essential for detecting recurrence within scars. The negative predictive value of endoscopic assessment is high when performed by experienced practitioners, but biopsies can still be performed for confirmation.<\/li>\n
• Competency and Referral: Expert centers should handle the first follow-up surveillance at 6-12 months for higher-risk cases while referring lower-risk cases back to the primary endoscopist. Competence in assessing and treating scars is crucial to avoid unnecessary procedures.<\/li>\n
• Diathermy Settings: Understanding the settings on the diathermy generator is important. The yellow and blue pedals indicate mixed coagulation and cutting currents, with soft coag being the purest coagulation current for margin ablation.<\/li>\n
• Continuous Learning: It is crucial to continually learn and improve endoscopy techniques. Developing expertise in scar assessment and staying updated with best practices can improve patient outcomes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","author":"David Tate","tagger":"1","editor":"1","recorder":"1","authorid":"1","centreName":"University Hospital of Ghent","centreCity":"Ghent","centreCountry":"Belgium"}]

[{"chapterTagid":"22294","tagName":"4 Ps - Plan","id":"858"},{"chapterTagid":"22296","tagName":"4 Ps - Plane","id":"860"},{"chapterTagid":"22295","tagName":"4 Ps - Position","id":"859"},{"chapterTagid":"22297","tagName":"4 Ps - Proximity","id":"861"},{"chapterTagid":"22268","tagName":"Appendiceal orifice","id":"284"},{"chapterTagid":"22219","tagName":"Assessment","id":"247"},{"chapterTagid":"22274","tagName":"Cold Snare Polypectomy","id":"291"},{"chapterTagid":"22315","tagName":"Deep mural injury","id":"506"},{"chapterTagid":"22221","tagName":"Demarcated area","id":"304"},{"chapterTagid":"22331","tagName":"Diathermy","id":"743"},{"chapterTagid":"22217","tagName":"Difficult Colon Intubation","id":"902"},{"chapterTagid":"22301","tagName":"Dynamic injection","id":"453"},{"chapterTagid":"22275","tagName":"Dysplasia within a sessile serrated polyp","id":"463"},{"chapterTagid":"22269","tagName":"En bloc versus piecemeal resection","id":"445"},{"chapterTagid":"22271","tagName":"Endoscopic versus Surgical Management","id":"472"},{"chapterTagid":"22287","tagName":"Global Polypectomy Assessment Tool (GPAT)","id":"862"},{"chapterTagid":"22249","tagName":"Granular","id":"308"},{"chapterTagid":"22245","tagName":"Granularity","id":"300"},{"chapterTagid":"22270","tagName":"Hot versus cold snare polypectomy","id":"446"},{"chapterTagid":"22288","tagName":"Injection technique","id":"269"},{"chapterTagid":"22227","tagName":"JNET 1","id":"750"},{"chapterTagid":"22228","tagName":"JNET 2A","id":"751"},{"chapterTagid":"22229","tagName":"JNET 2B","id":"752"},{"chapterTagid":"22230","tagName":"JNET 3","id":"753"},{"chapterTagid":"22226","tagName":"Kudo Classification","id":"302"},{"chapterTagid":"22316","tagName":"Margin assessment for residual","id":"513"},{"chapterTagid":"22225","tagName":"NICE classification","id":"301"},{"chapterTagid":"22246","tagName":"Non-granular","id":"309"},{"chapterTagid":"22247","tagName":"Paris 0-IIa","id":"323"},{"chapterTagid":"22235","tagName":"Paris 0-IIa+c","id":"327"},{"chapterTagid":"22250","tagName":"Paris 0-IIa+Is","id":"326"},{"chapterTagid":"22254","tagName":"Paris Classification","id":"303"},{"chapterTagid":"22292","tagName":"Post polypectomy defect assessment","id":"272"},{"chapterTagid":"22218","tagName":"Proactive Approach","id":"821"},{"chapterTagid":"22216","tagName":"Reasons for failure","id":"824"},{"chapterTagid":"22215","tagName":"Recurrent polyp","id":"344"},{"chapterTagid":"22314","tagName":"Residual adenoma","id":"469"},{"chapterTagid":"22242","tagName":"Risk of Submucosal Invasion","id":"805"},{"chapterTagid":"22291","tagName":"Safety","id":"800"},{"chapterTagid":"22290","tagName":"Safety checks prior to application of diathermy","id":"271"},{"chapterTagid":"22328","tagName":"Scar biopsy technique","id":"731"},{"chapterTagid":"22323","tagName":"Scar detection","id":"342"},{"chapterTagid":"22273","tagName":"Small (less than 10mm)","id":"287"},{"chapterTagid":"22262","tagName":"SMSA + Score","id":"857"},{"chapterTagid":"22264","tagName":"SMSA Level 3","id":"762"},{"chapterTagid":"22259","tagName":"SMSA Level 4","id":"763"},{"chapterTagid":"22256","tagName":"SMSA Score","id":"748"},{"chapterTagid":"22289","tagName":"Snare placement","id":"270"},{"chapterTagid":"22330","tagName":"Snare selection","id":"329"},{"chapterTagid":"22325","tagName":"Standardised scar assessment technique","id":"343"},{"chapterTagid":"22313","tagName":"Submucosal blood vessels","id":"458"},{"chapterTagid":"22321","tagName":"Thermal ablation of the post-polypectomy margin","id":"273"},{"chapterTagid":"22317","tagName":"Thermal ablation of the post-resection defect margin","id":"457"},{"chapterTagid":"22329","tagName":"Treatment of recurrent polyp","id":"345"},{"chapterTagid":"22224","tagName":"Virtual chromoendoscopy","id":"306"},{"chapterTagid":"22277","tagName":"WASP classification","id":"305"},{"chapterTagid":"22214","tagName":"Webinar","id":"855"},{"chapterTagid":"22286","tagName":"Whether to biopsy a suspicious polyp","id":"473"},{"chapterTagid":"22222","tagName":"[high risk] Demarcated area of disordered pit\/vascular pattern","id":"449"},{"chapterTagid":"22231","tagName":"[high risk] Depression with disordered pit\/vascular pattern","id":"451"},{"chapterTagid":"22244","tagName":"[high risk] Left colon location, large nodule(s)","id":"448"},{"chapterTagid":"22243","tagName":"[high risk] presence of nodules","id":"471"}]

Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 10052 [tagCategoryName] => Accessories for Gastroscopy ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 109 [tagCategoryName] => Adjunctive Techniques in Polypectomy ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 99 [tagCategoryName] => Adverse Events ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 119 [tagCategoryName] => Adverse events after ERCP ) [4] => Array ( [id] => 10045 [tagCategoryName] => Altered Upper GI Anatomy ) [5] => Array ( [id] => 47 [tagCategoryName] => Anatomy ) [6] => Array ( [id] => 10020 [tagCategoryName] => Appearances during ESD ) [7] => Array ( [id] => 84 [tagCategoryName] => Artificial Intelligence ) [8] => Array ( [id] => 10004 [tagCategoryName] => Barretts Oesophagus ) [9] => Array ( [id] => 126 [tagCategoryName] => Cholangiography ) [10] => Array ( [id] => 128 [tagCategoryName] => Cholangioscopy ) [11] => Array ( [id] => 137 [tagCategoryName] => Cholecystoduodenostomy ) [12] => Array ( [id] => 10001 [tagCategoryName] => Choledocho-duodenostomy ) [13] => Array ( [id] => 140 [tagCategoryName] => Coeliac Plexus Block ) [14] => Array ( [id] => 10015 [tagCategoryName] => Cold Snare Polypectomy Theory ) [15] => Array ( [id] => 55 [tagCategoryName] => Colonoscope Handling ) [16] => Array ( [id] => 41 [tagCategoryName] => Colonoscopy Trainer ) [17] => Array ( [id] => 102 [tagCategoryName] => Decision making in Polypectomy ) [18] => Array ( [id] => 77 [tagCategoryName] => Deconstructed Cold Snare Polypectomy ) [19] => Array ( [id] => 118 [tagCategoryName] => Deconstructed LAMS placement technique ) [20] => Array ( [id] => 65 [tagCategoryName] => Deconstructed Polypectomy Technique ) [21] => Array ( [id] => 106 [tagCategoryName] => Defect inspection deconstructed ) [22] => Array ( [id] => 38 [tagCategoryName] => Diagnosis ) [23] => Array ( [id] => 134 [tagCategoryName] => Diagnostic Interventions ) [24] => Array ( [id] => 125 [tagCategoryName] => Difficult Cannulation ) [25] => Array ( [id] => 68 [tagCategoryName] => Difficult Polypectomy Locations ) [26] => Array ( [id] => 95 [tagCategoryName] => Dilatation ) [27] => Array ( [id] => 122 [tagCategoryName] => Duodenoscope Introduction ) [28] => Array ( [id] => 81 [tagCategoryName] => EBL for Barretts Oesophagus deconstructed ) [29] => Array ( [id] => 10041 [tagCategoryName] => Electrosurgical Unit ) [30] => Array ( [id] => 10002 [tagCategoryName] => Endoluminal functional lumen imaging probe (EndoFLIP) system ) [31] => Array ( [id] => 10053 [tagCategoryName] => Endoscope Manufacturer ) [32] => Array ( [id] => 10051 [tagCategoryName] => Endoscopes ) [33] => Array ( [id] => 90 [tagCategoryName] => Endoscopic Dilatation ) [34] => Array ( [id] => 39 [tagCategoryName] => Endoscopic Imaging ) [35] => Array ( [id] => 103 [tagCategoryName] => Endoscopic Markers of Submucosal Invasion [colon] ) [36] => Array ( [id] => 40 [tagCategoryName] => Endoscopic Resection ) [37] => Array ( [id] => 86 [tagCategoryName] => Endoscopically Placed Feeding Tubes ) [38] => Array ( [id] => 51 [tagCategoryName] => Equipment ) [39] => Array ( [id] => 117 [tagCategoryName] => ERCP technique ) [40] => Array ( [id] => 10021 [tagCategoryName] => ESD Techniques ) [41] => Array ( [id] => 130 [tagCategoryName] => EUS Guided Biliary Drainage ) [42] => Array ( [id] => 129 [tagCategoryName] => EUS Guided Rendez-vous ) [43] => Array ( [id] => 141 [tagCategoryName] => Fiducial Placement ) [44] => Array ( [id] => 85 [tagCategoryName] => Foreign body ingestion ) [45] => Array ( [id] => 10038 [tagCategoryName] => G-POEM Procedure Specifics ) [46] => Array ( [id] => 10039 [tagCategoryName] => G-POEM Pyloromyotomy ) [47] => Array ( [id] => 10000 [tagCategoryName] => Gastro-gastrostomy ) [48] => Array ( [id] => 135 [tagCategoryName] => Gastro-jejunostomy ) [49] => Array ( [id] => 43 [tagCategoryName] => Gastrointestinal bleeding ) [50] => Array ( [id] => 63 [tagCategoryName] => Gastrointestinal Location ) [51] => Array ( [id] => 87 [tagCategoryName] => Gastroscopy technique ) [52] => Array ( [id] => 10012 [tagCategoryName] => Gastroscopy training ) [53] => Array ( [id] => 83 [tagCategoryName] => GI Bleeding Techniques ) [54] => Array ( [id] => 46 [tagCategoryName] => GIEQs ) [55] => Array ( [id] => 9999 [tagCategoryName] => GIEQs Digital Edition I ) [56] => Array ( [id] => 10009 [tagCategoryName] => Global Endoscopic Techniques ) [57] => Array ( [id] => 73 [tagCategoryName] => Granularity ) [58] => Array ( [id] => 136 [tagCategoryName] => Hepatico-gastrostomy ) [59] => Array ( [id] => 10013 [tagCategoryName] => Histopathological Assessment (Colon) ) [60] => Array ( [id] => 10014 [tagCategoryName] => Histopathological Assessment (Upper GI) ) [61] => Array ( [id] => 10043 [tagCategoryName] => Histopathological Staging ) [62] => Array ( [id] => 71 [tagCategoryName] => Imaging Classifications for Colorectal Polyps ) [63] => Array ( [id] => 72 [tagCategoryName] => Imaging modalities ) [64] => Array ( [id] => 89 [tagCategoryName] => Inflammatory Bowel Disease ) [65] => Array ( [id] => 96 [tagCategoryName] => Injection ) [66] => Array ( [id] => 50 [tagCategoryName] => Insertion ) [67] => Array ( [id] => 10007 [tagCategoryName] => JNET Classification ) [68] => Array ( [id] => 75 [tagCategoryName] => Kudo Classification ) [69] => Array ( [id] => 48 [tagCategoryName] => Level of Difficulty ) [70] => Array ( [id] => 110 [tagCategoryName] => Location Upper GI ) [71] => Array ( [id] => 52 [tagCategoryName] => Loops ) [72] => Array ( [id] => 121 [tagCategoryName] => Major papilla cannulation ) [73] => Array ( [id] => 67 [tagCategoryName] => Markers of Polypectomy Difficulty ) [74] => Array ( [id] => 97 [tagCategoryName] => Marking ) [75] => Array ( [id] => 10022 [tagCategoryName] => Materials for ESD ) [76] => Array ( [id] => 10008 [tagCategoryName] => Miscellaneous Imaging Findings ) [77] => Array ( [id] => 10024 [tagCategoryName] => Negative Outcomes after Colonoscopy or Polypectomy ) [78] => Array ( [id] => 74 [tagCategoryName] => NICE Classification ) [79] => Array ( [id] => 10011 [tagCategoryName] => Normal Anatomy ) [80] => Array ( [id] => 132 [tagCategoryName] => Normal Landmarks ) [81] => Array ( [id] => 94 [tagCategoryName] => Nursing Techniques ) [82] => Array ( [id] => 93 [tagCategoryName] => Nursing Training ) [83] => Array ( [id] => 10017 [tagCategoryName] => Oesophageal POEM ) [84] => Array ( [id] => 101 [tagCategoryName] => Other techniques ) [85] => Array ( [id] => 133 [tagCategoryName] => Pancreatic Disorders ) [86] => Array ( [id] => 76 [tagCategoryName] => Paris Classification ) [87] => Array ( [id] => 53 [tagCategoryName] => Pathology ) [88] => Array ( [id] => 57 [tagCategoryName] => Patient Management ) [89] => Array ( [id] => 120 [tagCategoryName] => Pedunculated Polypectomy ) [90] => Array ( [id] => 10044 [tagCategoryName] => Perforation ) [91] => Array ( [id] => 78 [tagCategoryName] => Piecemeal cold snare polypectomy ) [92] => Array ( [id] => 10019 [tagCategoryName] => Planning Prior to ESD ) [93] => Array ( [id] => 10037 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - After Procedure ) [94] => Array ( [id] => 10031 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Complications ) [95] => Array ( [id] => 10027 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Equipment ) [96] => Array ( [id] => 10032 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Identification of the GOJ ) [97] => Array ( [id] => 10029 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Incision ) [98] => Array ( [id] => 10033 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Myotomy ) [99] => Array ( [id] => 10035 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Periodic Checks ) [100] => Array ( [id] => 10034 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - post POEM Hemostasis ) [101] => Array ( [id] => 10025 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Pre-procedure ) [102] => Array ( [id] => 10026 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Preparation ) [103] => Array ( [id] => 10028 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Strategy ) [104] => Array ( [id] => 10030 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Tunnel ) [105] => Array ( [id] => 10036 [tagCategoryName] => POEM - Tunnel Closure ) [106] => Array ( [id] => 10040 [tagCategoryName] => POEM Training ) [107] => Array ( [id] => 69 [tagCategoryName] => Polyp Size ) [108] => Array ( [id] => 56 [tagCategoryName] => Polypectomy ) [109] => Array ( [id] => 66 [tagCategoryName] => Polypectomy Adverse Events ) [110] => Array ( [id] => 10016 [tagCategoryName] => Polypectomy Scoring Systems ) [111] => Array ( [id] => 70 [tagCategoryName] => Polypectomy technique ) [112] => Array ( [id] => 108 [tagCategoryName] => Poor polypectomy technique ) [113] => Array ( [id] => 10005 [tagCategoryName] => Post Endoscopic Mucosal Resection ) [114] => Array ( [id] => 79 [tagCategoryName] => Post Polypectomy Surveillance ) [115] => Array ( [id] => 105 [tagCategoryName] => Prevention of adverse events at polypectomy ) [116] => Array ( [id] => 10006 [tagCategoryName] => Prior to Endoscopic Resection ) [117] => Array ( [id] => 64 [tagCategoryName] => Procedure Intention ) [118] => Array ( [id] => 36 [tagCategoryName] => Procedure type ) [119] => Array ( [id] => 138 [tagCategoryName] => Pseudocyst Drainage ) [120] => Array ( [id] => 10049 [tagCategoryName] => Quality Measures in Gastroscopy ) [121] => Array ( [id] => 98 [tagCategoryName] => Resection ) [122] => Array ( [id] => 91 [tagCategoryName] => Room and generator setup ) [123] => Array ( [id] => 10018 [tagCategoryName] => Scope Guide Appearances ) [124] => Array ( [id] => 10050 [tagCategoryName] => Sedation for Gastroscopy ) [125] => Array ( [id] => 92 [tagCategoryName] => Serrated polyps ) [126] => Array ( [id] => 10023 [tagCategoryName] => Settings for ESD ) [127] => Array ( [id] => 10010 [tagCategoryName] => SMSA Score ) [128] => Array ( [id] => 10042 [tagCategoryName] => Specimen Retrieval ) [129] => Array ( [id] => 60 [tagCategoryName] => Splenic Loops ) [130] => Array ( [id] => 100 [tagCategoryName] => Stenting ) [131] => Array ( [id] => 127 [tagCategoryName] => Stenting ) [132] => Array ( [id] => 123 [tagCategoryName] => Stone Extraction ) [133] => Array ( [id] => 42 [tagCategoryName] => Submucosal Endoscopy ) [134] => Array ( [id] => 104 [tagCategoryName] => Submucosal Injection Technique ) [135] => Array ( [id] => 10048 [tagCategoryName] => Surveillance after Gastroscopy ) [136] => Array ( [id] => 131 [tagCategoryName] => Technique ) [137] => Array ( [id] => 44 [tagCategoryName] => Techniques ) [138] => Array ( [id] => 80 [tagCategoryName] => Techniques for non-lifting polyp ) [139] => Array ( [id] => 114 [tagCategoryName] => Techniques in diagnostic gastroscopy ) [140] => Array ( [id] => 107 [tagCategoryName] => Techniques to improve visualisation ) [141] => Array ( [id] => 54 [tagCategoryName] => Training ) [142] => Array ( [id] => 82 [tagCategoryName] => Type of Gastrointestinal Bleeding ) [143] => Array ( [id] => 59 [tagCategoryName] => Unconventional Loops ) [144] => Array ( [id] => 58 [tagCategoryName] => Unedited Training ) [145] => Array ( [id] => 10047 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Adverse Events ) [146] => Array ( [id] => 116 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Classifications ) [147] => Array ( [id] => 144 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Diagnoses (specific) ) [148] => Array ( [id] => 112 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI diagnostic techniques ) [149] => Array ( [id] => 113 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Image Enhancement ) [150] => Array ( [id] => 143 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Imaging Classifications ) [151] => Array ( [id] => 111 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI lesion assessment ) [152] => Array ( [id] => 88 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Lesions (categorical) ) [153] => Array ( [id] => 115 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Pathologies ) [154] => Array ( [id] => 10046 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Protocols ) [155] => Array ( [id] => 145 [tagCategoryName] => Upper GI Therapeutic techniques ) [156] => Array ( [id] => 61 [tagCategoryName] => Video Navigation ) [157] => Array ( [id] => 62 [tagCategoryName] => Video Type ) [158] => Array ( [id] => 49 [tagCategoryName] => Visualisation ) [159] => Array ( [id] => 139 [tagCategoryName] => Walled of necrosis drainage ) [160] => Array ( [id] => 37 [tagCategoryName] => Website Role ) )

https://player.vimeo.com/video/706201449?h=82282a859b&badge=0&autopause=0&player_id=0&app_id=141577